亚裔配额 (美国)

亚裔配额是种族配额的一种，自1980年起存在至今，反映了美国国内教育机构或职场中有意限制亚裔人数的现象。尽管以常春藤盟校为首的美国高等学府并不承认所谓的“亚裔配额”，但这已成为了一个不言而喻的事实。究其缘由，是美国大众文化对亚裔先入为主的观念，认为亚裔学习成绩天生优异，进而导致美国大学录取的亚裔拥有平均远超他人的学术水平。[1][2]

1980年至2011年期间亚裔在常春藤盟校的就读人数
1980年–2011年期间亚裔在非常春藤盟校的就读人数

然而，亚裔配额这一有失公允的现象并非先例。早在1910年至1950年期间，美国高等学府便出于类似的目的，有意降低犹太裔学生的录取人数。因此历史缘故，当今美国大学招生办中的亚裔申请者也被称为“新犹太人”。[3][2][4][5][6]

此外，有美国政府调查迹象表明，亚裔配额在美国大学招生办中普遍存在，但现在尚无定论。[7]

参考文献
  1. . The Economist. Oct 3, 2015 [2019-11-28]. （原始内容存档于2018-05-06）.
  2. English, Bella. . Boston Globe. June 1, 2015 [2017-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-04）. The groups say that they are facing the kind of quotas that limited the number of Jews in the nation’s best schools through the middle of the 20th century.
  3. Lemann, Nicholas. . Slate. June 25, 1996 [2017-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-03）. Just at the moment when Harvard, Yale, and Princeton have presidents named Rudenstine, Levin, and Shapiro, those institutions are widely suspected of having informal ceilings on Asian admissions, of the kind that were imposed on Jews two generations ago.
  4. Unz, Ron. . May 27, 2014 [2017-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-04）. In recent years, Asian enrollments at all the Ivies have converged to a very narrow range and remained relatively constant from year to year, a remarkably suspicious result that seems strongly suggestive of an implicit Asian Quota. Indeed, the statistical evidence for a present-day Asian Quota is arguably stronger than that for the notorious Jewish Quota of the Ivies during the 1920s and 1930s, the existence of which was widely denied at the time by university administrators but is now universally accepted.
  5. Unz, Ron. . The American Conservative. November 28, 2012 [2017-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-03）.
  6. Daniel Golden, The Price of Admission
  7. . Public Broadcasting System. [2019-11-28]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-11）.
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