宏觀與微觀

宏觀與微觀（Macrocosm and microcosm，或譯為大宇宙與小宇宙）是指宇宙的視野，其中局部（微觀）能夠反映出整體（宏觀）而且反之亦然。根據學者皮爾·A·李法德（Pierre A. Riffard）所述，它是一個“在所有奧秘思想學派中出現（present in all esoteric schools of thinking）”的特徵。[2]它與赫耳墨斯主義（Hermeticism）密切相關並且基於諸如占星術、煉金術，以及神聖幾何（Sacred geometry）其前提是“如其在上，如其在下（As Above, So Below）”的實踐。[3]

羅伯特·弗拉德（Robert Fludd）把人視為宏觀宇宙中縮影的插圖。弗拉德陳述說“人乃其自己的整體世界，所謂的微觀世界顯示了宇宙所有部分的微型模式。因此頭部是與最高天有關，而胸部是對應著飄渺的天空以及腹部對應基本的實體。（Man is a whole world of its own, called microcosm for it displays a miniature pattern of all the parts of the universe. Thus the head is related to the Empyreal, the chest to the ethereal heaven and the belly to the elementary substance.）”[1]
“藉觀其下，吾知其上。（By looking down, I see up.）”，出自於第谷·布拉赫（Tycho Brahe）的《新天文學儀器》（Astronomiæ instauratæ Mechanica）書中一對插圖的其中之一，描繪了他對宏觀與微觀世界之間的聯繫的理解。
“藉觀其上，吾知其下。（By looking up, I see down.）”

註釋
  1. Robert Fludd in Utriusque Cosmic Historia, II; quoted by Pierre A. Riffard in , Paris: Payot, 1983, 34.
  2. Pierre A. Riffard, , Paris: Payot, 1983, 34.
  3. Antoine Faivre, Access to Western esotericism 页面存档备份，存于, State University of New York Press, 1994, 10-11.
  1. Republic, Plato, trans. By B. Jowett M.A., Vintage Books, NY. § 435, pg 151

相關條目

參考書目
  • Theories of Macrocosms and Microcosms in the History of Philosophy, G. P. Conger, NY, 1922, which includes a survey of critical discussions up to 1922.

外部連結
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