恆星大氣層
以太陽為例,當日全食之際,太陽的光球層被遮蔽時,大氣層中的其他層次便被顯露出來[1]。在這種情況下,色球層呈現出略帶粉紅色的圓弧[7],而日冕(太陽的星冕)像裝了一簇纓球的光暈。在食雙星同樣的現象可以讓巨星的色球層可見[8]。
恆星大氣層是恆星的最外層區域,位置在核心、輻射層和對流層之上,依照獨特的特徵可以分為數層:
- 光球層是大氣層的最底層,也是我們能觀察到的大氣層中溫度最低的一層[1]。來自恆星的光經由這一層從穿越更高的數層後,由恆星的表面逃逸入太空。太陽的光球層溫度為5700K到5,780 K范围[2][3],星斑是光球層上受到磁場擾亂而溫度較低的區域[3]。
- 在光球層之上的是色球層,這一層開始時的溫度會下降,然後隨著高度上升逐漸增溫至光球層的10倍左右。
参阅
- 塞西莉亞·佩恩-加波施金 - 首先提出了当前接受的恒星大氣層组成的天文学家。
参考资料
-
. 1999-08-05 [2010-05-21].
On ordinary days, the corona is hidden by the blue sky, since it is about a million times fainter than the layer of the sun we see shining every day, the photosphere.
- Mariska, J.T. . Cambridge Astrophysics Series. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-38261-8.
- Lang, K.R. . 2nd. Springer. September 2006: 81. ISBN 978-0-387-30456-4.
this opaque layer is the photosphere, the level of the Sun from which we get our light and heat
- Mariska, J.T. . : 60. ISBN 978-0-521-38261-8.
100 km suggested by average models
- R.C. Altrock. . Solar Physics. 2004, 224: 255. Bibcode:2004SoPh..224..255A. doi:10.1007/s11207-005-6502-4.
- . NASA. [2010-05-21].
Now most scientists believe that the heating of the corona is linked to the interaction of the magnetic field lines.
-
Lewis, J.S. Second. Elsevier Academic Press. 2004-02-23: 87. ISBN 978-0-12-446744-6.
The dominant color is influenced by the Balmer radiation of atomic hydrogen
- Griffin, R.E. Hartkopft, W.I.; Guinan, E.F. , 编. 1. Cambridge University Press. 2007-08-27: 460 [2010-05-21]. ISBN 978-0-521-86348-3. doi:10.1017/S1743921307006163.
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