英雄翠鳳蝶

英雄翠鳳蝶學名:,英文俗名:,別名:天堂鳳蝶)是屬於鳳蝶科的一種蝴蝶,是鳳蝶屬的一種,並演化出15個亞種。分佈於新畿內亞澳洲北部一帶,出沒於較潮濕的雨林和郊區公園及花圃,尤其在高地和長有幼蟲的寄主植物的地區。地區性常見。[1]

英雄翠鳳蝶
展翅形態
合翅形態
保护状况

未予评估IUCN 3.1
科学分类
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲: 昆虫纲 Insecta
目: 鱗翅目 Lepidoptera
总科: 鳳蝶總科 Papilionoidea
科: 鳳蝶科 Papilionidae
属: 鳳蝶屬 Papilio
种: 英雄翠鳳蝶 P. ulysses
二名法
Papilio ulysses
Linnaeus, 1758
亞種

共15個亞種

異名
  • Papilio diomedes Linnaeus, 1758
  • Papilio ulysses telephanes
    Fruhstorfer, 1902
  • Papilio ulysses agasophus
    Fruhstorfer, 1903
  • Papilio ulysses physkon
    Fruhstorfer, 1909
  • Papilio ulysses eugenius
    Fruhstorfer, 1909
  • Papilio ulysses eugenius f. principalis
    Fruhstorfer, 1909
  • Papilio ulysses eugenius f. roxane
    Fruhstorfer, 1909
  • Papilio ulysses taxiles
    Fruhstorfer, 1909
  • Papilio ulysses denticulatus
    Joicey & Talbot, 1916
  • Princeps ulysses

雄蝶展翅寬106毫米,雌蝶108毫米。翅面有亮麗的藍色斑紋。幼蟲寄主主要為芸香科植物[2]

習性

成蝶飛行於樹冠中層,方向飄忽,愛訪花,例如馬纓丹屬植物。飛行時翅面的藍色斑紋花非常耀眼,在陽光下飛動有閃鑠的效果,雄蝶也會被這顏色吸引。停棲時通常合上翅膀,以比較隱晦的顏色和花紋作保護色把自己隱藏於環境中。一年多代,成蝶明顯較多出沒於濕季。[1]

幼蟲的寄主芸香科樟科,包括:[1][2][3]

芸香科
柑橘屬 Citrus吳茱萸屬 Euodia蜜茱萸屬 Melicope
  • E. elleryana
  • E. micrococca
  • E. vitiflora
  • 等物種
  • M. bonwickii
  • M. elleryana
  • M. rubra
巨盤木屬 Flindersia山油柑屬 AcronychiaAcradenia
  • F. bourjotiana
  • A. vestita
  • A. euodiiformis
HalfordiaGeijeraEvodiella
  • H. kendack
  • H. scleroxyla
  • G. salicifolia
  • G. paniculata
  • E. muelleri
樟科
樟屬 Cinnamomum

參考

  1. Michael F. Braby. 2016. The Complete Field Guide to Butterflies of Australia, second edition: 58-59. (英文)
  2. K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review of Australian Butterflies: distribution, life history and taxonomy. Pushlished by authors, Melbourne Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)
  3. D'Abrera, 1977. Butterflies of the Australian Region (2nd edn) Butts. Aust. Region

文獻

18-19世紀
  • Linnaeus, 1758; Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 462
  • Carl Linnaeus, Insecta Lepidoptera, Systema Naturae, Volume 1, Edition 10 (1760), Class 5, Part 3, p. 462, No. 20.
  • Rothschild, 1895, A revision of the Papilios of the Eastern Hemisphere, exclusive of Africa Novit. Zool. 2 (3): 395
20世紀
  • Fruhstorfer, 1902; Neue Papilioformen aus dem Indo-Australischen Gebiet Soc. Ent. 17 (8): 58
  • Fruhstorfer, 1902; Neue Papilio-Formen aus dem Indo-Malayischen Gebiet Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1): 165
  • Fruhstorfer, 1903; Neue Papilioniden aus dem australischen Gebiet Dt. ent. Z. Iris 16 (1): 11
  • Fruhstorfer, 1909; Neue asiatische Papilio-Rassen Ent. Zs. 22 (43): 177
  • Joicey & Talbot, 1916; New Lepidoptera from the Schouten Islands, with description of a new Tineid Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1916 (1): 68
  • Lewis, 1974. Butterflies of the World: pl. 135, f. 12, 17
  • Späth, M., 1992: Zwei neue taxa der gattung Papilio Linnaeus, 1758 aus Indonesien. (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift 102 (16): 289–293.
  • Bauer & Frankenbach, 1998, Papilionidae: Papilio Subgenus Achillides, Bhutanitis, Teinopalpus Butterflies of the world, 1: [2]
21世紀
  • Felix Jenkins, Note of Interest, Butterflies and Other Invertebrates Club, Newsletter, Issue 32 (March 2004), p. 19.
  • Dufek, V. ; O. Schäffler & M. Schmidbauer, : 2005: Beschreibung von 2 neuen Unterarten, sowie einer neuen Form von Achillides ulysses Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Notes on Papilionidae, 3: 1–4.
  • 寿建新, 周尧, 李宇飞. 《世界蝴蝶分类名录》. 陕西科学技术出版社. 2006. ISBN 7536936761. p18. (简体中文)
  • Goode, Mark, 2012: A new subspecies of Papilio ulysses Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) from Gebe Island, North Maluku, Indonesia. Butterflies (Teinopalpus) 61: 10–12.
  • Jean Gundry, A Visit to the Butterfly House, Metamorphosis Australia, Issue 72 (March 2014), pp. 27-33, Butterflies and Other Invertebrates Club.

外部連結

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