药物代谢动力学
药物代谢动力学(英語:),简称药代动力学或药动学,也简称为PK,是药理学的分支,研究药物在机体的影响下所发生的变化及其规律,其中的药物包括药剂、激素、营养素和毒素。药代动力学研究药物的体内过程(包括吸收、分布、代谢和排泄),并运用数学原理和方法阐释药物在机体内的动态规律。
药代动力学阐释在使用某种药物后身体如何吸收和扩散药物,以及药物在身体内发生的化学变化(如通过代谢酶如细胞色素P450或葡萄糖醛酸转移酶),以及药物的效果和排泄方式。[1] 药代动力学属性常常受给药方式和剂量影响,这些原因也会影响吸收率。[2] 药代动力学常与药效学一起研究,后者研究药物在体内的效果。
药代动力学的研究常采用ADME方案(当“释放”过程从“吸收”中过程独立开来时,也称为LADME):
参考资料
- Pharmacokinetics. (2006). In Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Health Sciences. Retrieved December 11, 2008, from http://www.credoreference.com/entry/6686418
- Kathleen Knights; Bronwen Bryant. . Amsterdam: Elsevier. 2002. ISBN 0-7295-3664-5.
- Koch HP, Ritschel WA. . . Landsberg, München: Ecomed. 1986: 99–131. ISBN 3-609-64970-4 (德语).
- Ruiz-Garcia A, Bermejo M, Moss A, Casabo VG. . J Pharm Sci. February 2008, 97 (2): 654–90. PMID 17630642. doi:10.1002/jps.21009.
外部連結
軟件
- Noncompartmental
- Freeware: bear 页面存档备份,存于 and PK 页面存档备份,存于 for R
- Commercial: MLAB, EquivTest 页面存档备份,存于, Kinetica 页面存档备份,存于, MATLAB/SimBiology 页面存档备份,存于, Phoenix/WinNonlin, PK Solutions, RapidNCA.
- Compartment based
- Freeware: ADAPT 页面存档备份,存于, Boomer 页面存档备份,存于 (GUI 页面存档备份,存于), SBPKPD.org (Systems Biology Driven Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics) 页面存档备份,存于, WinSAAM, PKfit 页面存档备份,存于 for R, PharmaCalc and PharmaCalcCL 页面存档备份,存于, Java applications.
- Commercial: Imalytics, Kinetica, MATLAB/SimBiology 页面存档备份,存于, Phoenix/WinNonlin, PK Solutions, PottersWheel, ProcessDB 页面存档备份,存于, SAAM II 页面存档备份,存于.
- 基於生理學
- Freeware: MCSim 页面存档备份,存于
- Commercial: acslX, Cloe PK 页面存档备份,存于, GastroPlus 页面存档备份,存于, MATLAB/SimBiology 页面存档备份,存于, PK-Sim 页面存档备份,存于, ProcessDB 页面存档备份,存于, Simcyp 页面存档备份,存于, Entelos PhysioLab Phoenix/WinNonlin, ADME Workbench.
- Population PK
- Freeware: WinBUGS, ADAPT, S-ADAPT / SADAPT-TRAN, Boomer, PKBugs, Pmetrics 页面存档备份,存于 for R.
- Commercial: Kinetica, MATLAB/SimBiology 页面存档备份,存于, Monolix, NONMEM, Phoenix/NLME, PopKinetics 页面存档备份,存于 for SAAM II, USC*PACK 页面存档备份,存于, Navigator Workbench.
- 模擬
所有的模型基於以上的軟件。
教育中心
Global centres with the highest profiles for providing in-depth training include the Universities of Buffalo, Florida, Gothenburg, Leiden, Otago, San Francisco, Beijing, Tokyo, Uppsala, Washington, Manchester, Monash University, and University of Sheffield.[1]
参考资料
- Tucker GT. . Br J Clin Pharmacol. June 2012, 73 (6): 924–6. PMC 3391520. PMID 22360418. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04238.x.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.