β₂-微球蛋白

Beta-2-microglobulin; β-2-微球蛋白
	β2微球蛋白在I类MHC中的位置
有效结构
PDB	直系同源检索：PDBe, RCSB
PDB查询代码列表
	1A1M, 1A1N, 1A1O, 1A6Z, 1A9B, 1A9E, 1AGB, 1AGC, 1AGD, 1AGE, 1AGF, 1AKJ, 1AO7, 1B0G, 1B0R, 1BD2, 1C16, 1CE6, 1CG9, 1DE4, 1DUY, 1DUZ, 1E27, 1E28, 1EEY, 1EEZ, 1EFX, 1EXU, 1GZP, 1GZQ, 1HHG, 1HHH, 1HHI, 1HHJ, 1HHK, 1HLA, 1HSA, 1HSB, 1I1F, 1I1Y, 1I4F, 1I7R, 1I7T, 1I7U, 1IM3, 1IM9, 1JF1, 1JGD, 1JGE, 1JHT, 1JNJ, 1K5N, 1KPR, 1KTL, 1LDS, 1LP9, 1M05, 1M6O, 1MHE, 1MI5, 1N2R, 1OF2, 1OGA, 1OGT, 1ONQ, 1P7Q, 1PY4, 1Q94, 1QEW, 1QLF, 1QQD, 1QR1, 1QRN, 1QSE, 1QSF, 1QVO, 1R3H, 1S9W, 1S9X, 1S9Y, 1SYS, 1SYV, 1TMC, 1TVB, 1TVH, 1UQS, 1UXS, 1UXW, 1VGK, 1W0V, 1W0W, 1W72, 1X7Q, 1XH3, 1XR8, 1XR9, 1XZ0, 1YDP, 1YPZ, 1ZHK, 1ZHL, 1ZS8, 1ZSD, 1ZT4, 1ZVS, 2A83, 2AK4, 2AV1, 2AV7, 2AXF, 2AXG, 2BCK, 2BNQ, 2BNR, 2BSR, 2BSS, 2BST, 2BVO, 2BVP, 2BVQ, 2C7U, 2CII, 2CIK, 2CLR, 2D31, 2D4D, 2D4F, 2DYP, 2E8D, 2ESV, 2F53, 2F54, 2F74, 2F8O, 2FYY, 2FZ3, 2GIT, 2GJ6, 2GT9, 2GTW, 2GTZ, 2GUO, 2H26, 2H6P, 2HJK, 2HJL, 2HLA, 2HN7, 2J8U, 2JCC, 2NW3, 2NX5, 2P5E, 2P5W, 2PO6, 2PYE, 2RFX, 2UWE, 2V2W, 2V2X, 2VB5, 2VLJ, 2VLK, 2VLL, 2VLR, 2X4N, 2X4O, 2X4P, 2X4R, 2X4S, 2X4T, 2X4U, 2X70, 2X89, 2XKS, 2XKU, 2XPG, 2YPK, 2YPL, 2YXF, 2Z9T, 3AM8, 3B3I, 3B6S, 3BGM, 3BH8, 3BH9, 3BHB, 3BO8, 3BP4, 3BP7, 3BVN, 3BW9, 3BWA, 3BXN, 3BZE, 3BZF, 3C9N, 3CDG, 3CII, 3CIQ, 3CZF, 3D18, 3D25, 3D2U, 3D39, 3D3V, 3DBX, 3DHJ, 3DHM, 3DTX, 3DX6, 3DX7, 3DX8, 3DXA, 3EKC, 3FFC, 3FQN, 3FQR, 3FQT, 3FQU, 3FQW, 3FQX, 3FT2, 3FT3, 3FT4, 3GIV, 3GJF, 3GSN, 3GSO, 3GSQ, 3GSR, 3GSU, 3GSV, 3GSW, 3GSX, 3H7B, 3H9H, 3H9S, 3HAE, 3HCV, 3HG1, 3HLA, 3HPJ, 3HUJ, 3I6G, 3I6K, 3I6L, 3IB4, 3IXA, 3JTS, 3KLA, 3KPL, 3KPM, 3KPN, 3KPO, 3KPP, 3KPQ, 3KPR, 3KPS, 3KWW, 3KXF, 3KYN, 3KYO, 3L3D, 3L3G, 3L3I, 3L3J, 3L3K, 3LKN, 3LKO, 3LKP, 3LKQ, 3LKR, 3LKS, 3LN4, 3LN5, 3LOW, 3LOZ, 3LV3, 3M17, 3M1B, 3MGO, 3MGT, 3MR9, 3MRB, 3MRC, 3MRD, 3MRE, 3MRF, 3MRG, 3MRH, 3MRI, 3MRJ, 3MRK, 3MRL, 3MRM, 3MRN, 3MRO, 3MRP, 3MRQ, 3MRR, 3MV7, 3MV8, 3MV9, 3MYJ, 3MYZ, 3MZT, 3NA4, 3NFN, 3O3A, 3O3B, 3O3D, 3O3E, 3O4L, 3OV6, 3OX8, 3OXR, 3OXS, 3PWJ, 3PWL, 3PWN, 3PWP, 3QDA, 3QDG, 3QDJ, 3QDM, 3QEQ, 3QFD, 3QFJ, 3QZW, 3REW, 3RL1, 3RL2, 3RWJ, 3S6C, 3SDX, 3SJV, 3SKM, 3SKO, 3SPV, 3T8X, 3TID, 3TIE, 3TLR, 3TM6, 3TO2, 3TZV, 3U0P, 3UPR, 3UTQ, 3UTS, 3UTT, 3V5D, 3V5H, 3V5K, 3VCL, 3VFM, 3VFS, 3VFU, 3VFV, 3VFW, 3VH8, 3VRI, 3VRJ, 3VWJ, 3VWK, 3VXM, 3VXN, 3VXO, 3VXP, 3VXR, 3VXS, 3VXU, 3W0W, 3W39, 4E0K, 4E0L, 4E5X, 4EN3, 4EUP, 4EUQ, 4F7M, 4F7P, 4F7T, 4FTV, 4FXL, 4G8G, 4G8I, 4G9D, 4G9F, 4GKN, 4GKS, 4GUP, 4HKJ, 4HWZ, 4HX1, 4I48, 4I4W, 4JFD, 4JFE, 4JFF, 4JFO, 4JFP, 4JFQ, 4JQX, 4JRX, 4JRY, 4K71, 4K7F, 4KDT, 4L4T, 4L4V, 4LCW, 4LHU, 4MNQ
标识
代号	B2M
扩展标识	遗传学：109700 鼠基因：88127 同源基因：2987 ChEMBL: 1741302 GeneCards: B2M Gene
基因本体论描述
分子功能	· protein binding;
细胞成分	· Golgi membrane; · extracellular region; · extracellular space; · endoplasmic reticulum lumen; · plasma membrane; · external side of plasma membrane; · ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane; · phagocytic vesicle membrane; · early endosome membrane; · early endosome lumen; · MHC class I protein complex;
生物过程	· positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity; · response to molecule of bacterial origin; · antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I; · antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent; · antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-independent; · antigen processing and presentation of exogenous protein antigen via MHC class Ib, TAP-dependent; · viral reproduction; · cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; · T cell differentiation in thymus; · protein refolding; · response to drug; · antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I; · innate immune response; · response to cadmium ion; · regulation of defense response to virus by virus; · regulation of immune response; · interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA表达模式
	更多表达数据
直系同源体

β2微球蛋白（英語：，缩写B2M）是MHC1類分子分子的组成部分之一，在所有有核的细胞中（即不包括红细胞）都有表达[1][2]。在人类基因组中，β2微球蛋白[3]由B2M 基因所编码[2][4]。

结构功能

第一类MHC示意圖

β₂-微球蛋白位于细胞表面的α₃链旁，但与α链不同的是，β₂并没有跨膜区域，且为非共价结合。在β₂的“上方”（指远离细胞膜的一端）为α链的α₁区和α₂区，构成了MHC的肽结合区。

β₂微球蛋白不止参与形成第一类MHC分子，还能组成与之类似的表面受体，如CD1和Qa等。

β2微球蛋白还有一个功能，就是能与HFE蛋白结合，来调控铁调素在肝脏中的表达。鐵調素會與肠上皮细胞和巨噬细胞膜上的膜铁转运蛋白作用。可以降低食物中和紅血球回收的鐵質攝取，该功能的丧失会导致铁过量和血色沉著病。

参考文献

.
Güssow D, Rein R, Ginjaar I, Hochstenbach F, Seemann G, Kottman A, Ploegh HL. . J. Immunol. 1 November 1987, 139 (9): 3132–8. PMID 3312414.
Cunningham BA, Wang JL, Berggård I, Peterson PA. . Biochemistry. November 1973, 12 (24): 4811–22. PMID 4586824. doi:10.1021/bi00748a001.
Suggs SV, Wallace RB, Hirose T, Kawashima EH, Itakura K. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. November 1981, 78 (11): 6613–7. PMC 349099. PMID 6171820. doi:10.1073/pnas.78.11.6613.

延伸阅读

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外部链接

MeSH（醫學主題詞）上面的beta+2-Microglobulin（美式英语）

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[entrez_567-1] .

[pmid3312414-2] Güssow D, Rein R, Ginjaar I, Hochstenbach F, Seemann G, Kottman A, Ploegh HL. . J. Immunol. 1 November 1987, 139 (9): 3132–8. PMID 3312414.

[pmid4586824-3] Cunningham BA, Wang JL, Berggård I, Peterson PA. . Biochemistry. November 1973, 12 (24): 4811–22. PMID 4586824. doi:10.1021/bi00748a001.

[pmid6171820-4] Suggs SV, Wallace RB, Hirose T, Kawashima EH, Itakura K. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. November 1981, 78 (11): 6613–7. PMC 349099. PMID 6171820. doi:10.1073/pnas.78.11.6613.

β2-微球蛋白

结构功能

参考文献

延伸阅读

外部链接

β₂-微球蛋白