乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂

乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂（英語：）是一座共济会建筑，位于华盛顿哥伦比亚特区郊区，弗吉尼亚州的亚历山德里亚 (弗吉尼亚州)。纪念第一任美国总统、共济会会员乔治·华盛顿。塔楼模仿古代埃及的亚历山大灯塔[3][4][5]。纪念堂高333-英尺（101-）[5][6][7]，座落在射手山山顶[8][9]， Callahan Drive 101号.[3] 始建于1922年，[1] 1932年开幕[2]，内部在1970年最终完成[10]。

乔治·华盛顿共济会国家纪念堂
概要
類型Masonic temple[*], National Memorial of the United States[*]
建築風格新古典主义建筑, 羅曼復興式建築[*], 哥德復興式建築
用途紀念建築, 神庙, 博物館
地點弗吉尼亚州亚历山德里亚 Callahan Drive101号
地址101 Callahan Drive
坐标38°48′27″N 77°03′58″W
起造日1922年6月5日[1]
竣工日1932
开放日1932年5月12日[2]
造价$600万美元
George Washington Masonic National Memorial Association[*]
高度
屋顶333英尺（101米）
技术细节
层数9
电梯数2
设计与建造
建筑师Harvey Wiley Corbett of Helmle & Corbett
保护情况美国国家历史名胜, place listed on the National Register of Historic Places[*]
网站
http://www.gwmemorial.org/
地圖

华盛顿地铁藍線和黄線的国王街站[8]距离此纪念堂四个街块。

参考文献

引用
  1. "Start Alexandria Memorial Temple." Washington Post. June 6, 1922.
  2. Shepperson, Charles M. "Masonic Fete Draws 150,000 to Alexandria." Washington Post. May 12, 1932.
  3. Ferris, p. 21.
  4. Kruh and Kruh, p. 41.
  5. Morris, p. 18.
  6. Hutton, Margaret. "George Washington Masonic National Memorial." Washington Post. No date. Accessed 2011-03-21.
  7. Conroy, Sarah Booth. "Those Revolutionary Masons." Washington Post. February 16, 1992.
  8. Colbert, p. 14.
  9. Smith, p. 79.
  10. . [2011-09-08]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-13）.

书籍
  • American Art Annual. New York: MacMillan Co., 1933.
  • Bahr, Jeff; Taylor, Troy; Coleman, Loren; Scheurman, Mark; and Moran, Mark. Weird Virginia. New York: Sterling Publishing, 2007.
  • Boudreau, Allan; Bleimann, Alexander; and Deutsch, David. George Washington in New York. New York: American Lodge of Research, 1987.
  • Brown, William Mosely. George Washington, Freemason. Richmond, Va.: Garrett & Massie, 1952.
  • Burian, A. Ward. George Washington's Legacy of Leadership. New York: Morgan James Pub., 2007.
  • Burstein, Daniel and De Keijzer, Arne J. Secrets of 'The Lost Symbol': The Unauthorized Guide to the Mysteries Behind 'The Da Vinci Code' Sequel. New York: Harper, 2010.
  • Caemmerer, H. Paul. Washington, the National Capital. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1932.
  • "Callahan, Charles H." In Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography. Lyon Gardiner Tyler, ed. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1915.
  • Clute, Eugene. Drafting Room Practice. New York: The Pencil Points Press, 1928.
  • Colbert, Judy. Virginia: Off the Beaten Path. Guilford, Conn.: Globe Pequot Press, 2009.
  • Connelly, Thomas Lawrence. The Marble Man: Robert E. Lee and His Image in American Society. Baton Rouge, La.: Louisiana State University Press, 1981.
  • Ferris, Gary W. Presidential Places: A Guide to the Historic Sites of U.S. Presidents. Winston-Salem, N.C.: J.F. Blair, 1999.
  • Howlett, D. Roger and Noble, Joseph Veach. The Sculpture of Donald De Lue: Gods, Prophets, and Heroes. Boston, Mass.: D.R. Godine, 1990.
  • Kruh, David and Kruh, Louis. Presidential Landmarks. New York, N.Y.: Hippocrene Books, 1992.
  • Laughlin, Clara E. So You're Going South! Boston: Little, Brown, 1940.
  • Lichtenstein, Gaston. George Washington's Lost Birthday. Richmond, Va.: William Byrd Press, 1924.
  • Morris, Shirley. The Pelican Guide to Virginia. Gretna, La.: Pelican Pub. Co., 1990.
  • Reynolds, Charles Bingham. The Standard Guide: Washington, A Handbook for Visitors. Washington, D.C.: B.S. Reynolds Co., 1924.
  • Rothery, Agnes. New Roads in Old Virginia. Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 1937.
  • Smedes, Susan Dabney. A Southern Planter: Social Life in the Old South. New York: Pott, 1900.
  • Smith, James Fairbairn. A Panorama of Masonic History: Sesquicentennial of the Grand Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons of Michigan, 1826-1976. Detroit: Sesquicentennial Commission, Michigan Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, 1976.
  • "Smith, William Morgan, M.D." In Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography. Lyon Gardiner Tyler, ed. New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1915.
  • Stevens, William Oliver. Washington, the Cinderella City. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1943.
  • Stoller, Paul D. The Architecture of Harvey Wiley Corbett. Madison, Wisc.: University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, 1995.
  • Tatsch, J. Hugo. The Facts About George Washington as a Freemason. New York: Macoy Publishing and Masonic Supply Co., 1931.
  • Turnbull, Everett R. and Denslow, Ray V. A History of Royal Arch Masonry. Trenton, Mo.: General Grand Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, 1956.
  • Voges, Nettie Allen. Old Alexandria: Where America's Past Is Present. McLean, Va.: EPM Publications, 1975.
  • Walker, J.T. F.L.M., A History of Fredericksburg Lodge No. 4 A. F. & A. M. Fredericksburg, Va.: Sheridan Books, 2002.
  • Wasserman, James. The Secrets of Masonic Washington: A Guidebook to Signs, Symbols, and Ceremonies at the Origin of America's Capital. Rochester, Vt.: Destiny Books, 2008.

外部链接
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参见
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