仙人柱亞科

仙人柱亞科
科学分类
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支： 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目： 石竹目 Caryophyllales
科： 仙人掌科 Cactaceae
亚科： 仙人柱亞科 Cactoideae
Eaton, 1836
族

見內文

仙人柱亞科（學名：）也称作仙人球亞科，是石竹目仙人掌科之下的其中一個亞科。

分類

仙人球亞科可以分為以下九個族：

Tribe Browningieae
  • Armatocereus Backeb.
  • Browningia Cárdenas, Gymnocereus Rauh & Backeb.
  • Jasminocereus Britton & Rose
  • Neoraimondia Britton & Rose
synonyms: Neocardenasia Backeb.
  • Stetsonia Britton & Rose

仙人球族（Cacteae）
  • Acharagma (N.P.Taylor) Glass
  • 岩牡丹屬 Ariocarpus Scheidw.
    異名：Anhalonium Lem., Neogomesia Castañeda, Neogomezia Buxb. (orth. var.), Roseocactus A.Berger, Stromatocactus Karw. ex Rümpler (nom. inval.)
Astrophytum myriostigma
  • Astrophytum Lem.
synonyms: Astrophyton Lawr. (orth. var.), Maierocactus E.C.Rost
  • Aztekium Boed.
  • Cochemiea (K.Brandegee) Walton – see Mammillaria
  • Coryphantha (Engelm.) Lem. – beehive cactus
synonyms: Aulacothele Monv. (nom. inval.), Cumarinia Buxb., Glandulifera (Salm-Dyck) Fric, Lepidocoryphantha Backeb., Roseia Fric (nom. inval.)
  • Echinocactus Link & Otto – barrel cactus
synonyms: Brittonrosea Speg., Echinofossulocactus Lawr., Homalocephala Britton & Rose
  • Echinomastus Britton & Rose
  • Epithelantha F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose – pingpong ball cactus
  • Escobaria Britton & Rose – foxtail cactus, pincushion cactus
synonyms: Cochiseia W.H.Earle, Escobesseya Hester, Fobea Fric (nom. inval.), Neobesseya Britton & Rose
  • Ferocactus Britton & Rose – barrel cactus
synonyms: Bisnaga Orcutt, Brittonia C.A.Armstr. (nom. inval.)
  • Geohintonia Glass & W.A.Fitz Maur.
  • Leuchtenbergia Hook.
  • Lophophora J.M.Coult. – peyote
Mammillaria elongata
  • Mammillaria Haw. – fishhook cactus, globe cactus, pincushion cactus, bird's-nest cactus
synonyms: Bartschella Britton & Rose, Cactus L., Chilita Orcutt, Cochemiea (K.Brandegee) Walton, Dolichothele (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose, Ebnerella Buxb., Haagea Fric, Krainzia Backeb., Lactomammillaria Fric (nom. inval.), Leptocladia Buxb., Leptocladodia Buxb., Mamillaria F.Rchb. (orth. var.), Mamillopsis (E.Morren) F.A.C.Weber ex Britton & Rose, Mammariella Shafer (nom. inval.), Mammilaria Torr. & A.Gray (orth. var.), Neomammillaria Britton & Rose, Oehmea Buxb., Phellosperma Britton & Rose, Porfiria Boed., Pseudomammillaria Buxb., Solisia Britton & Rose
  • Mammilloydia Buxb.
  • Neolloydia Britton & Rose
synonyms: Napina Fric (nom. inval.), Pseudosolisia Y.Itô (nom. inval.)
  • Obregonia Fric
  • Ortegocactus Alexander
  • Pediocactus Britton & Rose – hedgehog cactus
synonyms: Navajoa Croizat, Pilocanthus B.W.Benson & Backeb.
  • 斧突球屬 Pelecyphora C.Ehrenb.
    synonyms: Encephalocarpus A.Berger
Sclerocactus glaucus
  • Sclerocactus Britton & Rose – fishhook cactus
synonyms: Ancistrocactus Britton & Rose, Coloradoa Boissev. & C.Davidson, Glandulicactus Backeb., Toumeya Britton & Rose
  • Stenocactus (K.Schum.) A.W.Hill
synonyms: Echinofossulocactus Britton & Rose, Efossus Orcutt (orth. var.)
  • Strombocactus Britton & Rose
  • Thelocactus (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose
synonyms: Hamatocactus Britton & Rose, Thelomastus Fric (nom. inval.)
  • 姣麗球屬 Turbinicarpus (Backeb.) Buxb. & Backeb. – top cactus
    synonyms: Gymnocactus Backeb., Normanbokea Kladiwa & Buxb., Rapicactus Buxb. & Oehme

Tribe Calymmantheae
  • Calymmanthium F.Ritter
synonyms: Diploperianthium F.Ritter (nom. inval.)

仙人柱族（Cereeae）
  • Arrojadoa Britton & Rose
synonyms: Pierrebraunia Esteves
  • Brasilicereus Backeb.
  • 仙人柱屬 Cereus Mill. – sweet potato cactus
    異名：Mirabella F.Ritter, Piptanthocereus (A.Berger) Riccob., Subpilocereus Backeb.
  • Cipocereus F.Ritter
synonyms: Floribunda F.Ritter
  • Coleocephalocereus Backeb.
synonyms: Buiningia Buxb.
Melocactus matanzanus
  • Melocactus Link & Otto
synonyms: Cactus Britton & Rose
  • Micranthocereus Backeb.
synonyms: Austrocephalocereus Backeb., Siccobaccatus P.J.Braun & Esteves
  • Pilosocereus Byles & G. D. Rowley – tree cactus
synonyms: Pilocereus K.Schum., Pseudopilocereus Buxb.
  • Praecereus Buxb.
  • Stephanocereus A.Berger
  • 尤伯球屬 Uebelmannia Buining

量天尺族（Hylocereeae）
  • 令箭荷花属 Disocactus Lindl.
    異名：Aporocactus Lem., Aporocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), Bonifazia Standl. & Steyerm., Chiapasia Britton & Rose, Disisocactus Kunze (orth. var.), Disocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), Heliocereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose, Lobeira Alexander, Mediocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), Nopalxochia Britton & Rose, Pseudonopalxochia Backeb., Trochilocactus Linding., Wittia K.Schum., Wittiocactus Rauschert
  • 曇花屬 Epiphyllum Haw. – climbing cactus
    Epiphyllum anguliger
    異名：Phyllocactus Link, Phyllocereus Miq.
  • 量天尺屬 Hylocereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose – nightblooming cactus
synonyms: Wilmattea Britton & Rose
  • Pseudorhipsalis Britton & Rose
  • Selenicereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose – moonlight cactus, nightblooming cereus
synonyms: Cryptocereus Alexander, Deamia Britton & Rose, Marniera Backeb., Mediocactus Britton & Rose, Strophocactus Britton & Rose, Strophocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)
  • Weberocereus Britton & Rose
synonyms: Eccremocactus Britton & Rose, Eccremocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), Werckleocereus Britton & Rose

Tribe Notocacteae
  • Austrocactus Britton & Rose
  • Blossfeldia Werderm.
  • Cintia Knize & Ríha
  • Copiapoa Britton & Rose
synonyms: Pilocopiapoa F.Ritter
Eriosyce esmeraldana
  • Eriosyce Phil.
synonyms: Ceratistes Labour. (nom. inval.), Chileniopsis Backeb., Chileocactus Fric (nom. inval.), Chileorebutia Fric (nom. inval.), Chiliorebutia Fric (orth. var.), Delaetia Backeb., Dracocactus Y.Itô (nom. inval.), Euporteria Kreuz. & Buining, Hildmannia Kreuz. & Buining, Horridocactus Backeb., Islaya Backeb., Neochilenia Backeb. ex Dölz, Neoporteria Britton & Rose, Neoporteria Backeb., Neotanahashia Y.Itô, Nichelia Bullock (nom. inval.), Pyrrhocactus (A.Berger) A.W.Hill, Rodentiophila F.Ritter ex Backeb., Thelocephala Y.Itô
  • Eulychnia Phil.
synonyms: Philippicereus Backeb.
  • Frailea Britton & Rose
  • Neowerdermannia Fric
  • Parodia Speg.
synonyms: Acanthocephala Backeb., Brasilicactus Backeb., Brasiliparodia F.Ritter, Brasilocactus Fric (nom. inval.), Chrysocactus Y.Itô (nom. inval.), Dactylanthocactus Y.Itô, Eriocactus Backeb., Eriocephala Backeb., Friesia Fric (nom. inval.), Hickenia Britton & Rose, Malacocarpus Salm-Dyck, Microspermia Fric, Neohickenia Fric, Notocactus (K.Schum.) Fric, Sericocactus Y.Itô, Wigginsia D.M.Porter
  • Yavia R.Kiesling & Piltz[1]

摩天柱族（Pachycereeaes）
  • Acanthocereus (Engelm. ex A.Berger) Britton & Rose – triangle cactus
synonyms: Dendrocereus Britton & Rose, Monvillea Britton & Rose
  • Bergerocactus Britton & Rose – snake cactus
synonyms: Bergerocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)
Carnegiea gigantea
  • 巨人柱屬 Carnegiea Britton & Rose – saguaro
  • Cephalocereus Pfeiff. – old man cactus
synonyms: Haseltonia Backeb., Neodawsonia Backeb., Pilocereus Lem.
  • Corryocactus Britton & Rose
synonym: Corryocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), Erdisia Britton & Rose, Eulychnocactus Backeb. (nom. inval.)
  • Dendrocereus Britton & Rose – see Acanthocereus
  • Echinocereus Engelm. – hedgehog cactus
synonyms: Morangaya G.D.Rowley, Wilcoxia Britton & Rose
  • Escontria Rose
  • Isolatocereus Backeb. – see Stenocereus
  • Leptocereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose
synonyms: Neoabbottia Britton & Rose
  • ×Myrtgerocactus Moran
[= Myrtillocactus × Bergerocactus]
  • Myrtillocactus Console
synonyms: Myrtillocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)
Pachycereus pringlei
  • Neobuxbaumia Backeb.
synonyms: Pseudomitrocereus Bravo & Buxb., Rooksbya Backeb.
  • ×Pacherocactus G.D.Rowley
[= Pachycereus × Bergerocactus]
  • 摩天柱屬 Pachycereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose
synonyms: Backebergia Bravo, Lemaireocereus Britton & Rose, Lophocereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose, Marginatocereus (Backeb.) Backeb., Mitrocereus (Backeb.) Backeb., Pterocereus T.MacDoug. & Miranda
  • Peniocereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose
synonyms: Cullmannia Distefano, Neoevansia W.T.Marshall, Nyctocereus (A.Berger) Britton & Rose
  • Polaskia Backeb.
synonyms: Chichipia Backeb. (nom. inval.), Heliabravoa Backeb.
  • Pseudoacanthocereus F.Ritter
  • 蛇鞭柱屬 Stenocereus (A.Berger) Riccob.
synonyms: Hertrichocereus Backeb., Isolatocereus Backeb., Isolatocereus (Backeb.) Backeb., Machaerocereus Britton & Rose, Marshallocereus Backeb., Neolemaireocereus Backeb., Rathbunia Britton & Rose, Ritterocereus Backeb.

Tribe Rhipsalideae
Hatiora salicornioides
  • Hatiora Britton & Rose
synonyms: Epiphyllopsis Backeb. & F.M.Knuth, Hariota DC., Pseudozygocactus Backeb., Rhipsalidopsis Britton & Rose
  • Lepismium Pfeiff.
synonyms: Acanthorhipsalis (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose, Acanthorhipsalis Kimnach, Pfeiffera Salm-Dyck
  • Rhipsalis Gaertn.
synonyms: Cassytha Mill., Erythrorhipsalis A.Berger, Hariota Adans., Lymanbensonia Kimnach
  • 蟹爪兰属 Schlumbergera Lem. – Christmas cactus, Easter cactus
    異名：Epiphyllanthus A.Berger, Epiphyllum Pfeiff., Opuntiopsis Knebel (nom. inval.), Zygocactus K.Schum., Zygocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.)

Tribe Trichocereeae仙人尾族
  • Acanthocalycium Backeb.
synonyms: Spinicalycium Fric (nom. inval.)
  • Arthrocereus A.Berger
  • Brachycereus Britton & Rose
Cleistocactus
  • Cleistocactus Lem.
synonyms: Akersia Buining, Bolivicereus Cárdenas, Borzicactella H.Johnson ex F.Ritter, Borzicactus Riccob, Borzicereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), Cephalocleistocactus F.Ritter, Cleistocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.), Clistanthocereus Backeb., Demnosa Fric, Gymnanthocereus Backeb., Hildewintera F.Ritter, Loxanthocereus Backeb., Maritimocereus Akers, Pseudoechinocereus Buining (nom. inval.), Seticereus Backeb., Seticleistocactus Backeb., Winteria F.Ritter, Winterocereus Backeb.
  • Cephalocleistocactus F.Ritter – see Cleistocactus
  • Denmoza Britton & Rose
  • 圓盤玉屬 Discocactus Pfeiff.
  • Echinopsis白檀属 Zucc. – San Pedro cactus
synonyms: Acantholobivia Backeb., Acanthopetalus Y.Itô, Andenea Fric (nom. inval.), Aureilobivia Fric, nom. inval., Chamaecereus Britton & Rose, Chamaelobivia Y. Itô (nom. inval.), Cinnabarinea Fric ex F.Ritter, Echinolobivia Y.Itô (nom. inval.), Echinonyctanthus Lem., Furiolobivia Y.Itô (nom. inval.), Helianthocereus Backeb, Heterolobivia Y.Itô (nom. inval.), Hymenorebulobivia Fric (nom. inval.), Hymenorebutia Fric ex Buining, Leucostele Backeb., Lobirebutia Fric (nom. inval.), Lobivia Britton & Rose, Lobiviopsis Fric (nom. inval.), Megalobivia Y.Itô (nom. inval.), Mesechinopsis Y.Itô, Neolobivia Y.Itô, Pilopsis Y.Itô (nom. inval.), Pseudolobivia (Backeb.) Backeb., Rebulobivia Fric (nom. inval.), Salpingolobivia Y.Itô, Scoparebutia Fric & Kreuz. ex Buining, Setiechinopsis (Backeb.) de Haas, Soehrensia Backeb., Trichocereus (A.Berger) Riccob.
  • Espostoa Britton & Rose
synonyms: Binghamia Britton & Rose, Pseudoespostoa Backeb., Thrixanthocereus Backeb., Vatricania Backeb.
  • Espostoopsis Buxb.
synonyms: Gerocephalus F.Ritter
  • Facheiroa Britton & Rose
synonyms: Zehntnerella Britton & Rose
Gymnocalycium moserianum
  • Gymnocalycium Pfeiff. ex Mittler – chin cactus
synonyms: Brachycalycium Backeb.
  • Haageocereus Backeb.
synonyms: Floresia Krainz & F.Ritter ex Backeb. (nom. inval.), Haageocactus Backeb. (nom. inval.), Lasiocereus F.Ritter, Neobinghamia Backeb., Peruvocereus Akers
  • ×Haagespostoa G.D.Rowley
[= Haageocereus × Espostoa]
  • Harrisia Britton – apple cactus
synonyms: Eriocereus (A.Berger) Riccob., Roseocereus Backeb.
  • Lasiocereus F.Ritter – see Haageocereus
  • Leocereus Britton & Rose
  • Matucana Britton & Rose
synonyms: Eomatucana F.Ritter
  • Mila Britton & Rose
  • Oreocereus (A.Berger) Riccob.
synonyms: Arequipa Britton & Rose, Arequipiopsis Kreuz. & Buining, Morawetzia Backeb., Submatucana Backeb.
  • Oroya Britton & Rose
  • Pygmaeocereus H.Johnson & Backeb.
  • Rauhocereus Backeb.
Rebutia flavistyla
  • Rebutia K.Schum.
synonyms: Aylostera Speg., Bridgesia Backeb., Cylindrorebutia Fric & Kreuz., Digitorebutia Fric & Kreuz., Echinorebutia Fric (nom. inval.), Eurebutia Fric (nom. inval.), Gymnantha Y.Itô, Mediolobivia Backeb., Mediorebutia Fric (nom. inval.), Neogymnantha Y.Itô, Reicheocactus Backeb., Setirebutia Fric & Kreuz. (nom. inval.), Spegazzinia Backeb., Sulcorebutia Backeb., Weingartia Werderm.
  • Samaipaticereus Cárdenas
  • Weberbauerocereus Backeb.
synonyms: Meyenia Backeb.
  • Yungasocereus F.Ritter

參考資料
  1. Wallace, R.S. & Dickie, S.L., , Succulent Plant Research, 2002, 6: 9–24, cited in Griffith & Porter 2009

外部連結
维基物种中的分类信息：仙人柱亞科
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