吞嚥
吞嚥(swallowing、有時稱為 deglutition )是指物體從口腔移動到胃的過程。舌頭往上抬的同時,食物便會被舌頭推送進咽部,此時咽部的軟顎便會往上提,鼻子的入口便會被封閉,以防止食物鼻子逆流。再往喉嚨深處推送時,便會來到會厭的上方,會厭會負責關閉氣管的蓋子,如此食物便不會流入氣管中,並再進一步送入胃中,這些動作都是不自主的反射動作。不過人類的食道有三個地方比較細窄,分別是入口、支氣管交叉部份以及貫穿橫膈膜的部分,因此若未充分咀嚼並往肚子吞嚥,便很容易把卡在這幾個地方。[1]
註釋
- Dudik, J. M.; Coyle, J. L.; Sejdić, E. . IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems. August 2015, 45 (4): 465–477 [2017-11-12]. ISSN 2168-2291. doi:10.1109/THMS.2015.2408615. (原始内容存档于2019-05-17).
外部連結
查询維基詞典中的或者。 |
- MCG生理学 6/6ch3/s6ch3_15
- Overview at nature.com 页面存档备份,存于
- Anatomy and physiology of swallowing at dysphagia.com
- Swallowing animation (flash) at hopkins-gi.org
- [Article on French Wikipedia] See : "非典型吞咽" = unfunctional or pathological swallowing.
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