擬桿菌屬

擬桿菌屬，又稱為類桿菌屬（學名：Bacteroides），是細菌中的一個屬，是人類大腸中的非病原性優勢菌種。

擬桿菌屬
以瓊脂平板無氧培養下的擬桿菌（Bacteroides spp.）
科学分类
界： 原核生物界 Bacteria
门： 擬桿菌門 Bacteroidetes
纲： 擬桿菌綱 Bacteroidia
目： 擬桿菌目 Bacteroidales
科： 擬桿菌科 Bacteroidaceae
属： 擬桿菌屬 Bacteroides
Castellani & Chalmers, 1919
模式种
脆弱拟杆菌
Bacteroides fragilis
(Veillon and Zuber 1898) Castellani and Chalmers 1919
物種
  • B. acidifaciens
  • B. barnesiaes[1]
  • B. caccae[1]
  • B.caecicola[1]
  • B. caecigallinarum[1]
  • B. cellulosilyticus[1]
  • B. cellulosolvens[1]
  • B. clarus[1]
  • B. coagulans[1]
  • B. coprocola[1]
  • B. coprophilus[1]
  • B. coprosuis[1]
  • Bacteroides distasonis (reclassified as Parabacteroides distasonis)
  • Bacteroides dorei[1]
  • B. eggerthii[1]
  • B. gracilis
  • B. faecichinchillae[1]
  • B. faecis[1]
  • B. finegoldii[1]
  • B. fluxus[1]
  • Bacteroides fragilis
  • B. galacturonicus[1]
  • B. gallinaceum[1]
  • B. gallinarum[1]
  • B. goldsteinii[1]
  • B. graminisolvens[1]
  • B. helcogene[1]
  • B. intestinalis[1]
  • B. luti[1]
  • B. massiliensis[1]
  • Bacteroides melaninogenicus[1]
  • B. nordii[1]
  • B. oleiciplenus[1]
  • B. oris
  • B. ovatus
  • B. paurosaccharolyticus[1]
  • B. pectinophilus[1]
  • B. plebeius[1]
  • B. polypragmatus[1]
  • B. propionicifaciens[1]
  • B. putredinis
  • B. pyogenes
  • B. reticulotermitis[1]
  • B. rodentium[1]
  • B. salanitronis[1]
  • B. salyersiae[1]
  • B. sartorii[1]
  • B. stercoris
  • B. stercoris[1]
  • B. suis
  • B. tectus
  • B. thetaiotaomicron
  • B. uniformis[1]
  • B. vulgatus
  • B. xylanisolvens[1]
  • B. xylanolyticusxylanolyticus[1]

擬桿菌屬被歸類在革蘭氏陰性菌和專性厭氧菌中。不同於其他細菌的是，擬桿菌屬的細胞膜上帶有鞘磷脂。這一細菌種類中以鬆脆類桿菌較為有名。


下属物种
  • Bacteroides acidifaciens Miyamoto and Itoh 2000
  • Bacteroides amylophilus Hamlin and Hungate 1956
  • Bacteroides asaccharolyticus (Holdeman and Moore 1970) Finegold and Barnes 1977
  • Bacteroides barnesiae Lan et al. 2006
  • Bacteroides bivius Holdeman and Johnson 1977
  • Bacteroides buccae Holdeman et al. 1982
  • Bacteroides buccalis Shah and Collins 1982
  • Bacteroides caccae Johnson et al. 1986
  • Bacteroides caecicola Irisawa et al. 2016
  • Bacteroides caecigallinarum Saputra et al. 2015
  • Bacteroides caecimuris Lagkouvardos et al. 2016
  • Bacteroides capillosus (Tissier 1908) Kelly 1957
  • Bacteroides capillus Kornman and Holt 1982
  • Bacteroides cellulosilyticus Robert et al. 2007
  • 溶纤维素拟杆菌 Bacteroides cellulosolvens Murray et al. 1984
  • Bacteroides chinchillae Kitahara et al. 2011
  • Bacteroides clarus Watanabe et al. 2010
  • Bacteroides coagulans Eggerth and Gagnon 1933
  • Bacteroides coprocola Kitahara et al. 2005
  • Bacteroides coprophilus Hayashi et al. 2007
  • Bacteroides coprosuis Whitehead et al. 2005
  • Bacteroides corporis Johnson and Holdeman 1983
  • Bacteroides denticola Shah and Collins 1982
  • Bacteroides disiens Holdeman and Johnson 1977
  • Bacteroides distasonis Eggerth and Gagnon 1933
  • Bacteroides dorei Bakir et al. 2006
  • Bacteroides eggerthii Holdeman and Moore 1974
  • Bacteroides endodontalis van Steenbergen et al. 1984
  • Bacteroides faecalis Yu et al. 2019
  • Bacteroides faecichinchillae Kitahara et al. 2012
  • Bacteroides faecis Kim et al. 2010
  • Bacteroides finegoldii Bakir et al. 2006
  • Bacteroides fluxus Watanabe et al. 2010
  • 福赛斯拟杆菌 Bacteroides forsythus Tanner et al. 1986
  • 脆弱拟杆菌 Bacteroides fragilis (Veillon and Zuber 1898) Castellani and Chalmers 1919
  • Bacteroides furcosus (Veillon and Zuber 1898) Hauduroy et al. 1937
  • Bacteroides galacturonicus Jensen and Canale-Parola 1987
  • Bacteroides gallinaceum Irisawa et al. 2016
  • Bacteroides gallinarum Lan et al. 2006
  • Bacteroides gingivalis Coykendall et al. 1980
  • Bacteroides goldsteinii Song et al. 2006
  • Bacteroides gracilis Tanner et al. 1981
  • Bacteroides graminisolvens Nishiyama et al. 2009
  • Bacteroides helcogenes Benno et al. 1983
  • Bacteroides heparinolyticus Okuda et al. 1985
  • Bacteroides hypermegas Harrison and Hansen 1963
  • Bacteroides intermedius (Holdeman and Moore 1970) Johnson and Holdeman 1983
  • Bacteroides intestinalis Bakir et al. 2006
  • Bacteroides koreensis Shin et al. 2017
  • Bacteroides kribbi Shin et al. 2017
  • Bacteroides levii (ex Holdeman et al. 1977) Johnson and Holdeman 1983
  • Bacteroides loescheii Holdeman and Johnson 1982
  • Bacteroides luti Hatamoto et al. 2014
  • Bacteroides macacae (Slots and Genco 1980) Coykendall et al. 1980
  • Bacteroides massiliensis Fenner et al. 2005
  • Bacteroides melaninogenicus (Oliver and Wherry 1921) Roy and Kelly 1939
  • Bacteroides merdae Johnson et al. 1986
  • Bacteroides microfusus Kaneuchi and Mitsuoka 1978
  • Bacteroides multiacidus Mitsuoka et al. 1974
  • Bacteroides nodosus (Beveridge 1941) Mraz 1963
  • Bacteroides nordii Song et al. 2005
  • Bacteroides ochraceus (Prévot et al. 1956) Holdeman and Moore 1972
  • Bacteroides oleiciplenus Watanabe et al. 2010
  • Bacteroides oralis Loesche et al. 1964
  • Bacteroides oris Holdeman et al. 1982
  • Bacteroides oulorum Shah et al. 1985
  • Bacteroides ovatus Eggerth and Gagnon 1933
  • Bacteroides paurosaccharolyticus Ueki et al. 2011
  • Bacteroides pectinophilus Jensen and Canale-Parola 1987
  • Bacteroides pentosaceus Shah and Collins 1982
  • Bacteroides plebeius Kitahara et al. 2005
  • 侵肺拟杆菌 Bacteroides pneumosintes (Olitsky and Gates 1921) Holdeman and Moore 1970
  • Bacteroides polypragmatus Patel and Breuil 1982
  • Bacteroides praeacutus (Tissier 1908) Holdeman and Moore 1970
  • Bacteroides propionicifaciens Ueki et al. 2008
  • Bacteroides putredinis (Weinberg et al. 1937) Kelly 1957
  • Bacteroides pyogenes Benno et al. 1983
  • Bacteroides reticulotermitis Sakamoto and Ohkuma 2013
  • Bacteroides rodentium Kitahara et al. 2011
  • Bacteroides ruminicola Bryant et al. 1958
  • Bacteroides salanitronis Lan et al. 2006
  • Bacteroides salivosus Love et al. 1987
  • Bacteroides salyersae Song et al. 2005
  • Bacteroides salyersiae corrig. Song et al. 2005
  • Bacteroides sartorii Clavel et al. 2010
  • Bacteroides splanchnicus Werner et al. 1975
  • Bacteroides stercorirosoris Kitahara et al. 2012
  • Bacteroides stercoris Johnson et al. 1986
  • Bacteroides succinogenes Hungate 1950
  • Bacteroides suis Benno et al. 1983
  • 隐蔽拟杆菌 Bacteroides tectum Love et al. 1986
  • Bacteroides tectus corrig. Love et al. 1986
  • Bacteroides termitidis (Sebald 1962) Holdeman and Moore 1970
  • Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Distaso 1912) Castellani and Chalmers 1919
  • Bacteroides uniformis Eggerth and Gagnon 1933
  • Bacteroides ureolyticus Jackson and Goodman 1978
  • Bacteroides veroralis Watabe et al. 1983
  • Bacteroides vulgatus Eggerth and Gagnon 1933
  • Bacteroides xylanisolvens Chassard et al. 2008
  • Bacteroides xylanolyticus Scholten-Koerselman et al. 1988
  • Bacteroides zoogleoformans (Weinberg et al. 1937) Cato et al. 1982

參考文獻
  1. Parte, A.C. . www.bacterio.net.
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