树沼
树沼即木本沼泽(英語:),是地表被浅水淹没或浸润、主要生长湿生木本植物的湿地[1],包括森林沼泽(forested swamp)和灌木沼泽(shrub swamp)。[2]这一术语也用来表示生长有芦苇、香蒲等较高挺水植物为主的湿地。樹沼被認為屬於過渡帶,因為陸地與水對此生態系的塑造都很重要[3]。樹沼在全世界(除了南極洲外)都可發現,其中所含的水可為淡水、汽水或是海水。淡水樹沼通常形成於大河或湖沼旁邊,十分仰賴雨水或季節性的淹水來維持水位線高度[3][4];鹽水樹沼澤則形成於熱帶及亞熱帶的沿海岸[5]。世界上最大的樹沼分布於主要的大河附近,例如亞馬遜河、密西西比河與剛果河[6]。
参考资料
- Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p.
- 全国科学技术名词审定委员会. . 北京: 科学出版社. 2007. ISBN 9787030182777.
- Society, National Geographic. . National Geographic Society. 2011-01-21 [2019-09-26] (英语).
- Hughes, F.M.R. (ed.). 2003. The Flooded Forest: Guidance for policy makers and river managers in Europe on the restoration of floodplain forests. FLOBAR2, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. 96 p.
- Mitsch,W.J., & Gosselink, J.G.(2015). Wetlands. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Keddy, P.A., L.H. Fraser, A.I. Solomeshch, W.J. Junk, D.R. Campbell, M.T.K. Arroyo and C.J.R. Alho. 2009. Wet and wonderful: the world's largest wetlands are conservation priorities. BioScience 59: 39–51.
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