桑达韦语

桑达韦语坦桑尼亚多多马地区桑达韦人使用的一种声调语言。它在年长和年青人之中仍然具有活力,有些地区的桑达韦人甚至只说桑达韦语。Albert Drexel在1920年代把它划归科依桑语系,但依据仅仅是该语言中存在搭嘴音。近来的研究表明它与科爾語系的联系可能更紧密。

桑达韦语
Sandaweeki [sàndàwěːkí]
母语国家和地区坦桑尼亚
区域大裂谷
母语使用人数约40,000(日期不详)
語系
科伊桑语系
  • 桑达韦语
語言代碼
ISO 639-2sad
ISO 639-3sad

桑达韦语有西北和东南两大方言。两者之间的区别在于语速、声调、禁忌词,以及词汇、语法上的细微差别。一些阿拉瓜人放弃了母语转而使用桑达韦语。

语法

代词

自由代词

单数 复数
第一人称 tsi sũũ
第二人称 hapu sĩĩ
第三人称男 he-we he-so
第三人称女 he-su

代词后缀

单数 复数
第一人称 -és -wà
第二人称 -i
第三人称男 -ʔà
第三人称女 -sà

名词

名词由词干和后缀组成,后缀是为了标明阳性、阴性、中性以及单复数。

语序

桑达韦语的基本语序是主宾谓结构,但实际语序却十分灵活。

參見

资料

  • Dobashi, Yoshihito (2001) 'Agreement and Word Order in Sandawe' In Cornell Working Papers in Linguistics, 2001, 18, pp 57–74.
  • Eaton, Helen C. (2002) 'A Grammar of Focus in Sandawe' (Unpublished Ph.D thesis, University of Reading).
  • Elderkin, Edward D. (1989) 'The Significance and Origin of the Use of Pitch in Sandawe' (Unpublished D.Phil thesis, University of York).
  • Güldemann, Tom and Edward D. Elderkin (forthcoming) 'On external genealogical relationships of the Khoe family.' In Brenzinger, Matthias and Christa König (eds.), Khoisan languages and linguistics: the Riezlern symposium 2003. Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung 17. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe.
  • Hunziker, Daniel, Elisabeth Hunziker, & Helen Eaton (2008) A Description of the Phonology of the Sandawe Language. SIL Electronic Working Papers 页面存档备份,存于
  • Kagaya, Ryohei (1993) 'A Classified Vocabulary of The Sandawe Language', Asian & African Lexicon vol 26. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
  • Sands, Bonny E. (1998) 'Eastern and Southern African Khoisan: evaluating claims of distant linguistic relationships.' Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung 14. Köln: Köppe.
  • Voogt, A.J. de (1992) Some phonetic aspects of Hatsa and Sandawe clicks (Unpublished MA thesis in African Linguistics, Leiden University).
  • Wright, Richard, Ian Maddieson, Peter Ladefoged, Bonny Sands (1995). 'A phonetic study of Sandawe clicks', UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics, No. 91: Fieldwork Studies in Targeted Languages III.

外部連結

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