無洞貝屬

無洞貝屬（學名：），又名無窗貝屬，是無洞貝科無洞貝亞科下已滅絕的一個屬，於早古生代奧陶紀晚奧陶世（4.44億年前）[1]至晚古生代石炭紀早石炭世（3.18億年前）開始出現，繁盛於志留紀和泥盆紀，存活至泥盆紀晚泥盆世[2]（泥盆紀後期滅絕事件），廣泛存在於海洋岩石內的化石中。其分佈之廣泛，存在於除南極洲之外的所有大陸。牠們生活在淺水軟基質上。

无洞贝属
化石时期：晚奧陶世–早石炭世
PreЄ
保护状况
科学分类
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 腕足動物門 Brachiopoda
纲： 小嘴貝綱 Rhynchonellata
目： †无洞贝目 Atrypida
科： †无洞贝科 Atrypidae
亚科： †无洞贝亚科 Atrypinae
属： †无洞贝属 Atrypa
Dalman, 1828
模式种
Atrypa reticularis
Linneaus, 1758
種

見內文

異名
  • Cleiothyris Phillips, 1841
  • Mikrothyris

特徵

該屬具有鮮明的同心生長紋，但在泥盆紀時的海床沉積裡，大多數物種的閥依然有發達的肉莖，只有很少數的雙閥。牠們的臂狀瓣要比腳狀瓣更為突出，並有寬而淺的皺褶。腳狀瓣上有很小的凹陷和微曲的嘴。前部連接線稍朝著臂狀瓣方向彎曲。殼上有許多纖細而圓的翅脈花紋。[3]

物種[4]
  • 無洞貝：泥盆紀中期，中國雲南，大小: 1.5x1.5 - 3x3cm
  • 湖南無窗貝：泥盆紀中期，中國，大小: 3 - 4cm
  • Atrypa devoniana[5]
  • Atrypa jukesii M'Coy, 1847[6]
  • Atrypa nevadana[6]
  • Atrypa oklahomensis[6]
  • Atrypa oneidensis Beus, 1965[6]
  • Atrypa putilla[6]
  • Atrypa reticularis Linnaeus, 1767 = Anemia reticularis, A. dzwinogrodensis[7]

重新分配的物種

因為無洞貝屬是一個較早被建立的屬，因此其下有些物種現時已被置入其他的屬。[8]

  • A. arata = Pentamerella arata
  • A. aspera var. occidentalis = Spinatrypa occidentalis
  • A. astuta = Felinotoechia astuta
  • A. congregata = Camarotoechia congregata
  • A. coralifera = Dictyonella coralifera
  • A. depressa = Plagiorhyncha glassii
  • A. dubia = Protorhyncha dubia
  • A. elongata = Rensselaeria elongata
  • A. exigua = Protozyga exigua
  • A. extans = Triplesia extans
  • A. flabellites = Leptocoelia propria
  • A. gruenwaldtiaeformis = Nalivkinia gruenwaldtiaeformis
  • A. hemiplicata = Parastrophina hemiplicata
  • A. hemisphaerica = Eocoelia hemisphaerica
  • A. hircina = Hircinisca hircina
  • A. hirsuta = Parazyga hirsuta
  • A. hystrix var. occidentalis = Spinatrypa occidentalis
  • A. increbescens = Rhynchotrema increbescens
  • A. kolymensis = Vagrania kolymensis
  • A. laevis = Meristella laevis
  • A. lens = Stricklandia lens
  • A. linguifera = Antirhynchonella linguifera
  • A. medialis = Eatonia medialis
  • A. modesta = Zygospira modesta
  • A. nitens = Hisingerella nitens
  • A. nitida = Whitfieldella nitida
  • A. nucella = Lycophoria nucella
  • A. obovata = Glassia obovata
  • A. obtusiplicata = Pectorhyncha obtusiplicata
  • A. peculiaris = Costellirostra peculiaris
  • A. plebeia = Dicamara plebeia
  • A. pleiopleura = Pleiopleurina pleiopleura
  • A. prunum = Atrypella prunum
  • A. recurvirostra = Zygospira recurvirostra
  • A. scitula = Charionella scitula
  • A. sordida = Cyclocoelia sordida
  • A. tumida = Meristina tumida
  • A. unisulcata = Pentagonia peersii

參考文獻
  1. . 許士芬地質博物館 （中文（繁體）‎）.
  2. .hku.hk/shmuseum/chi/earth_evo_06_intro.php 请检查|url=值 (帮助). 許士芬地質博物館 （中文（繁體）‎）.
  3. Walker, Cyril; Ward, David. . Smithsonian Handbooks revised, illustrated. Dorling Kindersley. 2002: 84. ISBN 0789489848.
  4. . 許士芬地質博物館 （中文（繁體）‎）.
  5. M.A. Stainbrook. . Geological Society of America Memoirs 14. 1945. ISBN 0813710146.
  6. Atrypa at Fossilworks.org
  7. Paleobiodiversity in Baltoscandia. . fossiilid.info. [2012-03-22].
  8. Moore, R.C. . Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part H., Volume 1 and 2. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. 1965. ISBN 0-8137-3015-5.

外部連結
维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：無洞貝屬
  • Atrypa in the Paleobiology Database
  • Revised.

延伸閱讀
  • Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H, Brachiopoda (1965). University of Kansas Press and the Geological Society of America.
  • Moore, Lalicker, and Fischer 1952. Invertebrate Fossils, Ch 6, Brachiopoda, R.C. Moore.
  • Frank HT Rodes, Herbert S. Zim en Paul R. Shaffer (1993) - Natuurgids Fossielen (het ontstaan​​, prepareren en rangschikken van fossielen), Zuidnederlandse Uitgeverij NV, Aartselaar. ISBN D- 1993-0001-361
  • Moore, RC; Lalicker, CG, and Fischer, AG. . McGraw-Hill College. June 1952. ISBN 0-07-043020- 9.
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