紫米
紫米狹義上是指「黑糯糙米」,廣義上則包括印尼黑米,菲律賓Balatinaw米和泰國茉莉黑米。紫米的稻種可与其他稻类杂交,因此与其他稻类无生殖隔离,属于稻类(oryza sativa L.)的亚种。
雖然市面上稱糯米種為紫米,秈米種為黑米,但此說法並非公認定義:根據國際書籍或文獻僅以黑米(black rice)概括兩者較多,並不區分兩者[1][2];而根據台灣農業試驗所解釋也不區分兩者,以紫米(purple rice)概括之[3],不稱「非糯性的紫米」作黑米,一般說的黑米就是紫米,只是將紫米分為糯性或非糯性兩種。無論如何,兩者都是有色米的糙米,色澤是因米糠層的花青素含量不同;若精製化將米糠層剝去,仍是白米。[4]
由於米類的升糖指數值(GI)高低排序是:糯米 > 粳米 > 秈米,因此一般市面所說的"紫米"的GI值較"黑米"GI值略高[5],精確地說法是指:未除糠的糯稻變種有色米的GI值略高於非糯性有色糙米的GI值。
食用與烹調
紫米粥
紫米粥是一道由紫米为主要材料,黄砂糖、水等为辅料制作而成的粥品,属于家常菜粥。该道菜品通过将食材进行大火煮开转小火炖煮的方法制作而成。
参考
参考文献
- http://www.ib.cas.cn/hezuojiaoliu/yuandi/yuandixiangmu/201210/t20121008_3655958.html
- Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Antioxidants and Their Antioxidant Activities in Purple Rice Bran,Sungjoon Jang,Zhimin Xu,Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,Vol. 57: , Issue. 3, : Pages. 858-862,Publication Date (Web): January 12, 2009,https://doi.org/10.1021/jf803113c,https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf803113c
- Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of gamma-oryzanol rich extracts from Thai purple rice bran,Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 6(6), pp. 1070-1077, 16 February, 2012,http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR
- DOI: 10.5897/JMPR11.1247,https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maitree_Suttajit2/publication/268385672_Antioxidant_and_anti-inflammatory_activities_of_gamma-oryzanol_rich_extracts_from_Thai_purple_rice_bran/links/54d823c10cf2970e4e76a897/Antioxidant-and-anti-inflammatory-activities-of-gamma-oryzanol-rich-extracts-from-Thai-purple-rice-bran.pdf
- Total phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity in rice grain and their relations to grain color, size and weight,Yun Shen,Liang Jin,Peng Xiao,Yan Lu,Jinsong Bao,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2008.07.010
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.