补语
英语补语的作用对象是主语和宾语，具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能，在句法上是不可或缺的。补语是起补充说明作用的成份。最常见的是宾语补足语。名词、动名词、形容词、副词、不定词、现在分词、过去分词都可以在句子中作宾补。
主詞的補語
它用在介係詞之後，是句子的一个基本成分。常用主－介－表結構。
- I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.
- 我看到她和他们在一起，至少我認為是她。（her做受詞，with做介係詞，them做主詞補語）
- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶？
- Me. 我。 （me做主詞補語= It's me.）
- John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. （she做主语补语）
- 约翰希望那位乘客是瑪莉，還真是她。
受詞的補語
- 不定詞(to do)
- Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
- We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。
- We made him to copy the sentence.
- He is made to copy the sentence.
- I felt my hands tremble.
- 名词
- At the meeting we elected him monitor.
- I think your brother a clever boy.
- 形容词
- What you said made Xiao Wang angry.
- I found the classroom empty.
- 副词
- Please call the students back at once.
- He was seen to take his cap off.
- 现在分词
- We hear him singing in the hall.
- I found him lying in bed, sleeping.
- 过去分词
- He saw his face reflected in the water.
- I heard it spoken of in the next room.
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