軟珊瑚

軟珊瑚[1](学名:[2]),又名海雞冠目,非造礁珊瑚,不会产生碳酸钙骨架。共肉組織中含有鈣質骨針,可支撐珊瑚體。軟珊瑚一般生長在水流較急的海域,亦可在光照較弱的水深生長。大多有毒。

软珊瑚目
Cladiella sp.
科学分类
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 刺胞動物門 Cnidaria
纲: 珊瑚綱 Anthozoa
亚纲: 八放珊瑚亚纲 Octocorallia
目: 软珊瑚目 Alcyonacea

石珊瑚不同,大多数软珊瑚在营养丰富光线较少的水域蓬勃生长。几乎所有品种利用共生光合作用作为一个主要的能源来源。但它们也能从水体中摄食自由漂浮的食物,如浮游动物等。它们是珊瑚礁生态系统的组成部分,为鱼、螺、藻类和其他多种海洋物种的提供栖息地。

亞目與科

根據WoRMS,本目物種尚可細分為下列各亞目[3]

  • 軟珊瑚亞目 Alcyoniina
    • family Acrophytidae McFadden & Ofwegen, 2017
    • family Alcyoniidae Lamouroux, 1812
    • family Aquaumbridae Breedy, van Ofwegen & Vargas, 2012
    • family Corymbophytidae McFadden & Ofwegen, 2017
    • family Leptophytidae McFadden & Ofwegen, 2017
    • 穗珊瑚科 Nephtheidae Gray, 1862
    • family Nidaliidae Gray, 1869
    • family Paralcyoniidae Gray, 1869
    • family Xeniidae Ehrenberg, 1828
  • suborder Calcaxonia
    • family Chrysogorgiidae Verrill, 1883
    • family Ellisellidae Gray, 1859
    • family Ifalukellidae Bayer, 1955
    • family Isididae Lamouroux, 1812
    • family Primnoidae Milne Edwards, 1857
  • suborder Holaxonia
    • 棘柳珊瑚科 AcanthogorgiideGray, 1859
    • family Dendrobrachiidae Brook, 1889
    • family Gorgoniidae Lamouroux, 1812
    • family Keroeididae Kinoshita, 1910
    • family Plexauridae Gray, 1859
  • suborder Protoalcyonaria
    • family Taiaroidae Bayer & Muzik, 1976
  • suborder Scleraxonia
    • family Anthothelidae Broch, 1916
    • family Briareidae Gray, 1859
    • family Coralliidae Lamouroux, 1812
    • family Melithaeidae Gray, 1870
    • family Paragorgiidae Kükenthal, 1916
    • family Parisididae Aurivillius, 1931
    • family Spongiodermidae Wright & Studer, 1889
    • family Subergorgiidae Gray, 1859
    • family Victorgorgiidae Moore, Alderslade & Miller, 2017
  • suborder Stolonifera
    • family Acrossotidae Bourne, 1914
    • family Arulidae McFadden & van Ofwegen, 2012
    • family Clavulariidae Hickson, 1894
    • family Coelogorgiidae Bourne, 1900
    • family Cornulariidae Dana, 1846
    • family Pseudogorgiidae Utinomi & Harada, 1973
    • family Tubiporidae Ehrenberg, 1828
  • family Acanthoaxiidae van Ofwegen & McFadden, 2010
  • family Haimeidae Wright, 1865
  • family Paramuriceidae Bayer, 1956
  • family Parasphaerascleridae McFadden & van Ofwegen, 2013
  • family Viguieriotidae

圖庫

參考文獻

  1. . [2019-11-20] (中文(繁體)‎).
  2. . [2019-11-20] (中文(简体)‎).
  3. WoRMS. . World Register of Marine Species. [2018-03-22].
位於帕劳的软珊瑚,可清晰地看到珊瑚虫个体

外部連結

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:軟珊瑚
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