軟珊瑚

软珊瑚目
	Cladiella sp.
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	刺胞動物門 Cnidaria
纲：	珊瑚綱 Anthozoa
亚纲：	八放珊瑚亚纲 Octocorallia
目：	软珊瑚目 Alcyonacea

軟珊瑚[1]（学名：[2]），又名海雞冠目，非造礁珊瑚，不会产生碳酸钙骨架。共肉組織中含有鈣質骨針，可支撐珊瑚體。軟珊瑚一般生長在水流較急的海域，亦可在光照較弱的水深生長。大多有毒。

与石珊瑚不同，大多数软珊瑚在营养丰富光线较少的水域蓬勃生长。几乎所有品种利用共生光合作用作为一个主要的能源来源。但它们也能从水体中摄食自由漂浮的食物，如浮游动物等。它们是珊瑚礁生态系统的组成部分，为鱼、螺、藻类和其他多种海洋物种的提供栖息地。

亞目與科

根據WoRMS，本目物種尚可細分為下列各亞目與科[3]：

軟珊瑚亞目 Alcyoniina
- family Acrophytidae McFadden & Ofwegen, 2017
- family Alcyoniidae Lamouroux, 1812
- family Aquaumbridae Breedy, van Ofwegen & Vargas, 2012
- family Corymbophytidae McFadden & Ofwegen, 2017
- family Leptophytidae McFadden & Ofwegen, 2017
- 穗珊瑚科 Nephtheidae Gray, 1862
- family Nidaliidae Gray, 1869
- family Paralcyoniidae Gray, 1869
- family Xeniidae Ehrenberg, 1828
suborder Calcaxonia
- family Chrysogorgiidae Verrill, 1883
- family Ellisellidae Gray, 1859
- family Ifalukellidae Bayer, 1955
- family Isididae Lamouroux, 1812
- family Primnoidae Milne Edwards, 1857
suborder Holaxonia
- 棘柳珊瑚科 AcanthogorgiideGray, 1859
- family Dendrobrachiidae Brook, 1889
- family Gorgoniidae Lamouroux, 1812
- family Keroeididae Kinoshita, 1910
- family Plexauridae Gray, 1859
suborder Protoalcyonaria
- family Taiaroidae Bayer & Muzik, 1976
suborder Scleraxonia
- family Anthothelidae Broch, 1916
- family Briareidae Gray, 1859
- family Coralliidae Lamouroux, 1812
- family Melithaeidae Gray, 1870
- family Paragorgiidae Kükenthal, 1916
- family Parisididae Aurivillius, 1931
- family Spongiodermidae Wright & Studer, 1889
- family Subergorgiidae Gray, 1859
- family Victorgorgiidae Moore, Alderslade & Miller, 2017
suborder Stolonifera
- family Acrossotidae Bourne, 1914
- family Arulidae McFadden & van Ofwegen, 2012
- family Clavulariidae Hickson, 1894
- family Coelogorgiidae Bourne, 1900
- family Cornulariidae Dana, 1846
- family Pseudogorgiidae Utinomi & Harada, 1973
- family Tubiporidae Ehrenberg, 1828
family Acanthoaxiidae van Ofwegen & McFadden, 2010
family Haimeidae Wright, 1865
family Paramuriceidae Bayer, 1956
family Parasphaerascleridae McFadden & van Ofwegen, 2013
family Viguieriotidae

圖庫

Alcyonium acaule, an Alcyoniidae
Dendronephthya hemprichi, a Nephtheidae
Siphonogorgia godeffroyi, a Nidaliidae
Maasella edwardsi, a Paralcyoniidae
Heteroxenia fuscescens, a Xeniidae
Iridigorgia sp., a Chrysogorgiidae
Ellisella sp., an Ellisellidae
Isidella tentaculum, an Isididae
Plumarella pellucida, a Primnoidae
Muricellasp., an Acanthogorgiidae
Gorgonia ventalina, a Gorgoniidae
Paramuricea clavata, a Paramuriceidae
Muricea elongata, a Plexauridae
Anthothela grandiflora, an Anthothelidae
Briareum sp., a Briareidae
紅珊瑚, a Coralliidae
Acabaria splendens, a Melithaeidae
Paragorgia arborea, a Paragorgiidae
Annella mollis, a Subergorgiidae
Clavularia viridis, a Clavulariidae
Cornularia cornucopiae, a Cornulariidae
笙珊瑚, a Tubiporidae
Iciligorgia schrammi

參考文獻

. [2019-11-20] （中文（繁體）‎）.
. [2019-11-20] （中文（简体）‎）.
WoRMS. . World Register of Marine Species. [2018-03-22].

位於帕劳的软珊瑚，可清晰地看到珊瑚虫个体

外部連結

維基物種中有關軟珊瑚的數據

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[TaiBNET-1] . [2019-11-20] （中文（繁體）‎）.

[sp2000-2] . [2019-11-20] （中文（简体）‎）.

[WoRMS_1365"-3] WoRMS. . World Register of Marine Species. [2018-03-22].