邦苏猪笼草

邦苏猪笼草
	邦苏猪笼草刚打开的下位笼
保护状况
	; 易危（IUCN 2.3）
科学分类
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目：	石竹目 Caryophyllales
科：	猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae
属：	猪笼草属 Nepenthes
种：	邦苏猪笼草 N. bongso
二名法
	Nepenthes bongso; Korth. (1839)[1]
	邦苏猪笼草的分布地
異名
	同物异名 Nepenthes carunculata; Danser (1928); Nepenthes carunculata var. robusta; Nerz & Wistuba (1994); Nepenthes singalana; auct. non Becc.: Tamin & M.Hotta in M.Hotta (1986)[2][=N. bongso/N. densiflora?/; N. gymnamphora/N. lavicola/; N. singalana/N. spathulata]; 异物同名 Nepenthes bongso; auct. non Korth.: Ridl. (1908)[3]; [=N. alba]; Nepenthes bongso; auct. non Korth.: Guillaum. (1911); [=N. vieillardii]; Nepenthes bongso; auct. non Korth.: Danser (1928);[4]; Sh.Kurata (1973)[5]; [=N. bongso/N. ovata/N. talangensis]; Nepenthes bongso; auct. non Korth.: Tamin & M.Hotta in M.Hotta (1986)[2]; [=N. bongso/N. dubia/N. inermis]; Nepenthes bongso; auct. non Korth.: Hopkins, Maulder & B.R.Salmon (1990)[6]; [=N. talangensis]; Nepenthes bongso; auct. non Korth.: Jebb & Cheek (1997);[7]; Cheek & Jebb (2001)[8]; [=N. bongso/N. talangensis];

邦苏猪笼草（学名：）是苏门答腊特有的热带食虫植物，存在于海拔1000米至2700米处。[9][10][11]其种加词“bongso”来自于印度尼西亚神话中默拉皮火山的守护神“Putri Bungsu”，其字面意思为“最小的女儿”。[10]

邦苏猪笼草新开捕虫笼的颜色较浅，一段时间后唇即变为黑色，而笼身转为红褐色。某些变型的唇极宽大，可超过维奇猪笼草（N. veitchii）。[9]

在食虫植物数据库中，分类学家简·斯洛尔（Jan Schlauer）认为容洪猪笼草（N. junghuhnii）可能是邦苏猪笼草的同物异名。[12]

植物学史

彼得·威廉·科萨尔在他1839年发表的专著《关于猪笼草属》中正式描述了邦苏猪笼草。[1]

肉瘤猪笼草（N. carunculata）[注 1]被认为是邦苏猪笼草的一个同物异名。[7][8][10][13]1994年，约阿希姆·那兹和安德烈亚斯·维斯图巴描述了该类群的一个变种——强壮肉瘤猪笼草（N. carunculata var. robusta）。[14]该类群的可变性极大，其唇宽大，平展。[14]

自然杂交种

已发现了以下关于邦苏猪笼草的自然杂交种：

N. bongso × N. gymnamphora[10]
N. bongso × N. singalana[10]
N. bongso × N. talangensis[10]

在B·H·丹瑟1928年发表的著作《荷属东印度群岛的猪笼草科植物》中提到，他发现了邦苏猪笼草与梳状猪笼草的自然杂交种（N. bongso × N. pectinata）。[4]但在12年后，B·H·丹瑟改变了自己的看法，将其描述为密花猪笼草（N. densiflora）。

注释

肉瘤猪笼草的种加词“carunculata”来源于拉丁文“caruncula”，意为“肉瘤”，指其种子具有的肉质附属物。

参考文献

（荷兰文） Korthals, P.W. 1839. Over het geslacht Nepenthes. In: C.J. Temminck 1839–1842. Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen; Kruidkunde. Leiden. pp. 1–44, t. 1–4, 13–15, 20–22.
（印尼文） Tamin, R. & M. Hotta 1986. Nepenthes di Sumatera: The genus Nepenthes of the Sumatra Island. In: M. Hotta (ed.) Diversity and Dynamics of Plant Life in Sumatra: Forest Ecosystem and Speciation in Wet Tropical Environments. Part 1: Reports and Collection of Papers. Kyoto University, Kyoto. pp. 75–109.
Ridley, H.N. 1908. Nepenthaceæ. [p. 320] In: On a collection of plants made by H. C. Robinson and L. Wray from Gunong Tahan, Pahang. The Journal of the Linnean Society: Botany 38(266): 301–336. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1908.tb02454.x
Danser, B.H. 1928. 5. Nepenthes Bongso KORTH.. In: The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.
Kurata, S. 1973. Nepenthes from Borneo, Singapore and Sumatra. The Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 26(2): 227–232.
Hopkins, M., R. Maulder & B.[R.] Salmon 1990. A real nice trip to Southeast Asia.PDF (1.72 MiB) Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 19(1–2): 19–28.
Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.
夏洛特. . 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 52–53. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9.
Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes junghuhnii. Carnivorous Plant Database.
McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
Nerz, J. & A. Wistuba 1994. Five new taxa of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from North and West Sumatra 页面存档备份，存于. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 23(4): 101–114.

Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x
（拉丁文） Blume, C.L. 1852. Ord. Nepenthaceae. In: Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum, sive stirpium exoticarum novarum vel minus cognitarum ex vivis aut siccis brevis expositio. Tom. II. Nr. 1. E.J. Brill, Lugduni-Batavorum. pp. 5–10.
Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15.
Clarke, C. & C.C. Lee 2012. A revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from Gunung Tahan, Peninsular Malaysia. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 64(1): 33–49.
Hernawati & P. Akhriadi 2006. A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra. PILI-NGO Movement, Bogor.
Kato, M., M. Hotta, R. Tamin & T. Itino 1993. Inter- and intra-specific variation in prey assemblages and inhabitant communities in Nepenthes pitchers in Sumatra. Tropical Zoology 6(1): 11–25. Abstract
Kurata, S. 1973. Nepenthes from Borneo, Singapore and Sumatra. The Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 26(2): 227–232.
Macfarlane, J.M. 1914. Family XCVI. Nepenthaceæ. [pp. 279–288] In: J.S. Gamble. Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula, No. 24. Journal & Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 75(3): 279–391.
（印尼文） Mansur, M. 2001. Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias.PDF In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897
（德文） Meimberg, H. 2002. Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l..PDF Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676
（印尼文） Puspitaningtyas, D.M. & H. Wawangningrum 2007. Keanekaragaman Nepenthes di Suaka Alam Sulasih Talang - Sumatera Barat. [Nepenthes diversity in Sulasih Talang Nature Reserve - West Sumatra.] Biodiversitas 8(2): 152–156. Cover
Ridley, H.N. 1915. Nepenthaceæ. [pp. 168–169] In: XIII. The botany of Gunong Tahan, Pahang. Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums 6: 127–202.
Schnell, D., Catling, P., Folkerts, G., Frost, C., Gardner, R. 等. . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2000. [11 May 2006]. Listed as Vulnerable (VU B1+2e v2.3).
Shivas, R.G. 1984. Three Nepenthes from the Padang Highlands.PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 13(1): 10–15.
（印尼文） Syamsuardi & R. Tamin 1994. Kajian kekerabatan jenis-jenis Nepenthes di Sumatera Barat. Project report, Andalas University, Padang. Abstract
（印尼文） Syamsuardi 1995. Klasifikasi numerik kantong semar (Nepenthes) di Sumatera Barat. [Numerical classification of pitcher plants (Nepenthes) in West Sumatra.] Journal Matematika dan Pengetahuan Alam 4(1): 48–57. Abstract

扩展阅读

食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中邦苏猪笼草的照片
食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中强壮肉瘤猪笼草的照片

維基共享資源中有關邦苏猪笼草的多媒體資源維基物種中有關邦苏猪笼草的數據

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[carunculata-13] 肉瘤猪笼草的种加词“carunculata”来源于拉丁文“caruncula”，意为“肉瘤”，指其种子具有的肉质附属物。

[Korthals-1] （荷兰文） Korthals, P.W. 1839. Over het geslacht Nepenthes. In: C.J. Temminck 1839–1842. Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen; Kruidkunde. Leiden. pp. 1–44, t. 1–4, 13–15, 20–22.

[T&H-2] （印尼文） Tamin, R. & M. Hotta 1986. Nepenthes di Sumatera: The genus Nepenthes of the Sumatra Island. In: M. Hotta (ed.) Diversity and Dynamics of Plant Life in Sumatra: Forest Ecosystem and Speciation in Wet Tropical Environments. Part 1: Reports and Collection of Papers. Kyoto University, Kyoto. pp. 75–109.

[3] Ridley, H.N. 1908. Nepenthaceæ. [p. 320] In: On a collection of plants made by H. C. Robinson and L. Wray from Gunong Tahan, Pahang. The Journal of the Linnean Society: Botany 38(266): 301–336. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1908.tb02454.x

[Danser-4] Danser, B.H. 1928. 5. Nepenthes Bongso KORTH.. In: The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.

[Kurata-5] Kurata, S. 1973. Nepenthes from Borneo, Singapore and Sumatra. The Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 26(2): 227–232.

[trip-6] Hopkins, M., R. Maulder & B.[R.] Salmon 1990. A real nice trip to Southeast Asia.PDF (1.72 MiB) Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 19(1–2): 19–28.

[J&C-7] Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.

[C&J-8] Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.

[夏洛特2007-9] 夏洛特. . 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 52–53. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9.

[Clarke-10] Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

[11] McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[Schlauer-12] Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes junghuhnii. Carnivorous Plant Database.

[14] McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[robusta-15] Nerz, J. & A. Wistuba 1994. Five new taxa of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from North and West Sumatra 页面存档备份，存于. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 23(4): 101–114.

形态特征	邦苏猪笼草	疑惑猪笼草	塔蓝山猪笼草	细猪笼草
邦苏猪笼草、疑惑猪笼草、塔蓝山猪笼草和细猪笼草之间形态特征的差别（Nerz & Wistuba, 1994）
上位笼的形状	管状－漏斗形	下半部为管状，上半部为漏斗形	下半部为管状至窄漏斗形，上半部为卵形	宽漏斗形，在唇下略微收缩
笼盖	圆形	窄楔形	宽卵形	非常窄的椭圆形
上位笼的长宽比	3.3	1.9	2.3	1.75

邦苏猪笼草

植物学史

相关物种

自然杂交种

注释

参考文献

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