顎音化
顎音化(英語:)是一個語言學的名詞,指輔音在發音時變得接近硬顎音。通常發生於硬顎無擦通音/j/或者前元音如/i/、/e/的前面,這個現象會使輔音在發音時,除本身的發音動作外,舌根會頂著硬顎部分並發出一個類似短促的/j/。國際音標會在顎音化的輔音右上角加上“ʲ”來表示。
顎音化 | |
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◌ʲ |
各語言範例
顎化現像在很多語言都有出現。例如,中國的北方方言在近百年发生的尖团合流,就是一種顎音化。另外,在英語裡“question”和“nature”裡的“t”讀成/ʧ/,又或是“soldier”和“procedure”裡的“d”讀成/ʤ/音。這是因為這些 t 或 d 的後面跟從了/i/和/u/音,使前面的/t/和/d/發生了顎化現象。
參考書目
- Bynon, Theodora. Historical Linguistics. Cambridge University Press, 1977. ISBN 978-0-521-21582-4 (hardback) or ISBN 978-0-521-29188-0 (paperback).
- Bhat, D.N.S. A General Study of Palatalization. Universals of Human Language 2, pp. 47 -92
- Buckley, E. The Phonetic Origin and Phonological Extension of Gallo-Roman Palatalization, 2003. (paper)
- Crowley, Terry. (1997) An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press.
- Pullum, Geoffrey K.; Ladusaw, William A. . University of Chicago Press. 1996: 174, 209.
- Lightner, Theodore M., , Edmonton: Linguistic Research, inc, 1972
外部連結
- Erkki Savolainen, Internetix 1998. Suomen murteet – Koprinan murretta. (with a sound sample with palatalized t')
- Frisian assibilation as a hypercorrect effect due to a substrate language
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