原始南亞語
詞彙
原始南亞語詞彙:[2]
英文 | 中文 | 原始南亚语 |
---|---|---|
all | 全部 | *klɔʔ |
all | 全部 | *tum |
ashes | 火灰 | *bɔh, *buːh |
bark | (狗)叫 | *-pɔːk |
belly | 肚子 | *buŋ |
middle | 中间 | *kluŋ |
belly | 肚皮 | *wiəŋ |
bird | 鸟 | *ciːm, *ceːm |
to bite | 咬 | *kap |
to bite | 咬 | *kat |
to bleed | (流)血 | *saːm |
to bleed | (流)血 | *ɟhaːm, *(b/m)haːm |
bone | 骨头 | *cʔaːŋ |
breast | 乳房 | *toːh |
to ignite | 点(火) | *coːh |
to ignite | 点(火) | *tɔːt, *tuːt |
to burn | 烧 | *guːc |
fingernail | 指甲 | *-rsiːm |
cloud | 云 | *rməl |
cloud(y) | 云(天) | *ʔuːt |
cold | 冷 | *tkat |
cold | 冷 | *ŋi(ə)t |
to arrive | 到 | *truh |
to die | 死 | *kceːt |
dog | 狗 | *cɔːʔ |
to drink | 喝 | *ʔuək |
to suck, drink | 吸,喝 | *hoːc |
dry | 干 | *raɲ |
ear | 耳朵 | *-toːr |
earth | 地 | *tiʔ |
to eat | 吃 | *caːʔ |
egg | 蛋 | *p(n)ləːŋ |
egg | 蛋 | *-tap |
egg | 蛋 | *ktam |
eye | 眼睛 | *mat |
fat, oil | 油 | *pri(ə)ŋ |
fat, oil | 油 | *klaɲ |
fire | 火 | *ʔuːs, *ʔɔːs |
fish | 鱼 | *kaʔ |
to fly | 飞 | *par |
to fly | 飞 | *həːr |
foot, leg | 脚 | *ɟəːŋ |
full | 满 | *biːŋ; *beːɲ |
to give | 给 | *ʔam |
to give | 给 | *ʔa(ː)n |
to give | 给 | *ʔVːj |
good | 好 | *ləʔ, *lʔɔʔ |
young, green | 年轻,绿 | *kciʔ |
green | 绿 | *-ŋaːr |
hair | 头发 | *suk, *sɔːk |
hand, arm | 手 | *tiːʔ |
to hear | 听 | *ktəŋ |
to hear | 听 | *rməŋ |
to hear | 听 | *saŋ |
heart | 心 | *(p)nɔːs |
horn | 角 | *draŋ |
horn | 角 | *krəŋ |
I | 我 | *ʔaɲ |
to die | 死 | *krceːt |
knee | 膝盖 | *-kuːl |
to know | 知道 | *naŋ |
leaf | 叶 | *slaʔ |
liver | 肝 | *kləːm |
liver | 肝 | *ris |
high, long | 高,长 | *ɟroŋ, *ɟrɔŋ |
long | 长 | *ɟləːŋ, *ɟliːŋ |
louse | 头虱 | *ciːʔ |
much, many | 多 | *gləŋ |
flesh | 肉 | *sac |
moon | 月亮 | *khaj |
hill, mountain | 山 | *bruːʔ |
hill | 山 | *bnəm |
hill | 山 | *du(ə)l |
mountain | 山 | *-mɔl |
mouth, opening | 嘴巴 | *paːŋ |
mouth | 嘴巴 | *mɔːɲ |
nose, beak | 鼻子,喙 | *smuər |
name | 名字 | *-məh |
neck | 脖子 | *kɔʔ |
nape | 颈 | *-kɔːŋ |
throat | 喉咙 | *-lɔːŋ |
new | 新 | *tmiːʔ |
night | 夜 | *cəːm |
night | 夜 | *-tam |
nose | 鼻子 | *mɔːh, *muːh, *muːs |
used up, lacking | 缺 | *ʔət |
not | 不 | *ʔam |
one | 一 | *diʔ |
one | 一 | *muəj, *moːj |
person | 人 | *ʔiːʔ |
person | 人 | *mraʔ |
rain | 雨 | *gmaʔ |
sky, rain | 天,雨 | *briːʔ |
red | 红 | *-saw |
road, way | 路 | *kraʔ |
road, way | 路 | *ɗeːŋ, *ɗiəŋ |
road, way | 路 | *truːŋ,*trɔːŋ |
road, way | 路 | *glɔːŋ |
root | 根 | *riəs |
round | 圆 | *wi(ə)l |
sand | 沙子 | *ksa(ː)c |
to see | 看 | *jɔl |
to sit down | 坐下 | *ŋgu(ː)j |
to sit, stay | 坐 | *-kuːʔ |
skin | 皮肤 | *huːr |
to lie down, sleep | 睡,躺 | *tiək |
to lie down, sleep | 睡,躺 | *ɓic |
small | 小 | *dit, *kɗi(ə)t |
smoke (n.) | 烟 | *ptoʔ |
to speak | 说 | *ŋaːj |
to stand up | 站起来 | *dək |
to stand | 站 | *ɟə(ː)ŋ, *ɟuːŋ |
to stand | 站 | *taːw |
star | 星星 | *s(ʔ)maɲ |
stone | 石头 | *tmɔʔ |
sun, day | 太阳,日 | *tŋiːʔ |
to swim, wade | 游泳 | *loːj |
tail | 尾巴 | *sntaʔ |
stalk, tail | 茎,尾巴 | *-dɔːŋ |
that (dist.) | 那 | *tiːʔ |
that (med.) | 那 | *tɔʔ |
3rd person | 他 | *gi(ː)ʔ |
this (prox.) | 这 | *niʔ; *neʔ |
this; here | 这,这里 | *nɔ(ː)ʔ |
you (sing.) | 你 | *miːʔ |
tongue | 舌头 | *lntaːk |
tooth | 牙齿 | *lmVɲ |
tooth | 牙齿 | *sraŋ |
tooth | 牙齿 | *p(i)əŋ |
tree, wood | 树,木 | *ɟhuːʔ, *ɟhiːʔ |
trunk, stem, tree | 树干,茎,树 | *tnəːm |
two | 二 | *ɓaːr |
hot | 热 | *toʔ |
hot | 热 | *taɲ |
warm | 温 | *(s)ʔ(a/ə)m |
water | 水 | *ɗaːk |
we (incl.) | 咱们 | *ʔiːʔ |
we (excl.) | 我们 | *ʔjeːʔ |
what | 什么 | *məh |
white | 白 | *ɓɔːk |
white | 白 | *-lɔːk |
who | 谁 | *mVh |
woman, female | 女 | *kan |
wife | 妻子 | *k(-)duər |
yellow | 黄 | *-ŋaːr |
参考
- Jenny, Mathias and Paul Sidwell, eds (2015). The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages. Leiden: Brill.
- Sidwell, Paul and Felix Rau (2015). "Austroasiatic Comparative-Historical Reconstruction: An Overview." In: Jenny, Mathias and Paul Sidwell, eds (2015). The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages. Leiden: Brill.
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