含笑属

含笑属（学名：Michelia）是木兰科下的一个属，为灌木或乔木植物。该属共有约50余种，分布于亚洲热带、亚热带及温带。[1]

含笑属
白蘭 Michelia × alba
科学分类
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支： 木兰类植物 Magnoliids
目： 木兰目 Magnoliales
科： 木兰科 Magnoliaceae
属： 含笑属 Michelia
L.
物种

约50种，见内文

物种
  • Michelia aenea Dandy.，原产地为中国和越南，视为Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy by J. Li (1997)[2]的异名
  • 白蘭 Michelia × alba DC. (syn. M. longifolia Blume). White Champaca或White Sandalwood是由黄玉兰（Michelia champaca L.）和山含笑（Michelia montana Blume）自然杂交得到
  • Michelia angustioblonga Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia balansae (A. DC.) Dandy (基本异名：Magnolia balansae A. DC.)
  • Michelia baillonii (Pierre) Finet & Gagnep. (基本异名：Magnolia baillonii Pierre)
  • Michelia braianensis Gagnep.
  • Michelia calcicola C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia ingrata Chen & Yang by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia caloptila Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (dubious taxon, according to Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3])
  • Michelia cavaleriei Finet & Gagnep.
Michelia champaca L.的花和叶
  • 黄玉兰 Michelia champaca L. Champak. 原产地为印度、爪哇岛和菲律宾，小乔木或灌木，高及蓬径3－6米，叶革质，翠绿色，达16厘米长；花芬芳，橙黄色或乳白色，春季开花，可提取精油用於制作香水
  • Michelia chapensis Dandy
  • Michelia compressa (Maxim.) Sarg. (基本异名：Magnolia compressa Maxim.)
  • Michelia coriacea Chang & Chen
  • Michelia crassipes Y.-W. Law
  • 南亞含笑 Michelia doltsopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Large shrubs and trees, growing to 30 meters. Native to the eastern Himalayas and Meghalaya subtropical forests. Varies in form from bushy to narrow and upright. Leathery dark-green leaves, 6 to 17 cm in length. Clusters of creamy white flowers in winter. Growing in popularity as a street tree in coastal California.
  • Michelia elegans Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia cavaleriei Finet & Gagnep. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia elliptilimba Chen & Noot. (视为Michelia sphaerantha C.Y. Wu ex Z.S. Yue by J. Li (1997)[2]的异名)
  • 含笑花 Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. (基本异名：Liriodendron figo Lour.) Banana Shrub. A slow growing shrub or small tree that can grow up to 5 meters high and nearly as wide. Densely covered with small glossy green leaves. Bears clusters of large, white, sometimes purple-streaked, flowers with a potent, sweet banana scent. Port Wine is a variety that bears rose to maroon flowers.
  • Michelia flaviflora Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia floribunda Finet & Gagnep.
  • Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy
  • Michelia fujianensis Q.F. Zheng
  • Michelia fulgens Dandy (视为Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy by Gagnepain (1939))[4]的异名)
  • Michelia fulva Chang & Chen
  • Michelia fuscata (Andrews) Blume ex Wall. (基本异名：Magnolia fuscata Andrews; 视为Michelia figo|M. figo (Lour.) Spreng. by Baillon (1866)[5])
  • Michelia guangxiensis Y.-W. Law & R.-Z. Zhou
  • Michelia hedyosperma Y.-W. Law (视为Michelia hypolampra Dandy by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)
  • Michelia hypolampra Dandy
  • Michelia ingrata Chen & Yang
  • Michelia iteophylla C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (Michelia formosana (Kaneh.) Masam. & Suzuki because the type is the same; M. formosana in its turn is 视为Michelia compressa (Maxim.) Sarg. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia kisopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests
  • Michelia koordersiana Noot.
  • Michelia lacei W.W. Sm.
  • Michelia laevifolia Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia yunnanensis Franch. ex Finet & Gapnep. by Xia & Deng (2002)[6]的异名)
  • Michelia lanuginosa Wall. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests
  • Michelia leveilleana Dandy
  • Michelia longipetiolata C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia leveilleana Dandy by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia longistamina Y.-W. Law (视为Michelia martinii (H. Lév.) Finet & Gagnep. ex H. Lév. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia longistyla Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia foveolata|M. foveolata Merr. ex Dandy; by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3])
  • Michelia macclurei Dandy
  • Michelia martinii (H. Lév.) Finet & Gagnep. ex H. Lév. (基本异名：Magnolia martinii H. Lév.)
  • Michelia masticata Dandy
  • Michelia maudiae Dunn
  • Michelia mediocris Dandy
  • Michelia microtricha (视为Michelia floribunda Finet & Gagnep. by J. Li (1997)[2]的异名)
  • 山含笑 Michelia montana Blume
  • Michelia nilagirica Zenker. Native to southern India.
  • Michelia odora (W.Y. Chun) Noot. & Chen (基本异名：Tsoongiodendron odorum W.Y. Chun)
  • Michelia pachycarpa Y.-W. Law & R.-Z. Zhou
  • Michelia platypetala Hand.-Mazz. (视为Magnolia maudiae (Dunn) Figlar (= Michelia maudiae Dunn) by Sima (2001)[7]的變種)
  • Michelia polyneura C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia punduana Hook.f. & Thomson. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests
  • Michelia rajaniana Craib
  • Michelia salicifolia A. Agostini
  • Michelia scortechinii (King) Dandy (基本异名：Manglietia scortechinii King)
  • Michelia wilsonii Finet & Gagnep. (异名M. sinensis Hemsl. & E.H. Wilson; based on the same type but published a few weeks later)
  • Michelia shiluensis W.Y. Chun & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia skinneriana Dunn (视为Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia sphaerantha C.Y. Wu ex Z.S. Yue
  • Michelia subulifera Dandy
  • Michelia szechuanica Dandy (被Sima和Figlar (2001)[7]视为Magnolia ernestii Figlar (= Michelia wilsonii Finet & Gagnep.)的亚种)
  • Michelia xanthantha C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia yunnanensis Franch. ex Finet & Gapnep.

文化意义

在中亚热带地区的佛教寺庙中常种植含笑属树种用作花供[8]。

参考文献
  1. . 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.
  2. Li, J. . Acta Botanica Yunnanica (Kunming). 1997, 19 (2): 131–138.
  3. Chen, B.L. & H.P. Nooteboom. . Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (St. Louis, MO) (Missouri Botanical Garden Press). 1993, 80 (4): 999–1104. JSTOR 2399942. doi:10.2307/2399942.
  4. Gagnepain, F. . Notulae Systematicae, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris). 1939, 8 (1): 63–65.
  5. Baillon, H.E. . Adansonia; recueil periodique d'observations botaniques (Paris). 1866, 7: 1–16, 65–69.
  6. Xia, N.H. & Y.F. Deng. . Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany (Guangzhou). 2002, 10 (2): 128–132.
  7. Sima, Y.-K. . Yunnan Forestry Science and Technology (Kunming). 2001, 2: 29–35.
  8. Wang, Xinyang; Jin, Cheng; Huang, Li; Zhou, Lihua; Zheng, Mingming; Qian, Shenhua; Yang, Yongchuan. . Biodiversity Science. 2020-06-20, 28 (6): 668. doi:10.17520/biods.2019392.

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