戀臭假單胞菌
戀臭假單孢菌(Pseudomonas putida)是一種腐生营养土壤桿菌,屬於格蘭氏陰性菌。基于16S rRNA基因分析,恋臭假单孢菌被分类学上证实为假单胞菌属(狭义),并连同其他几个品种放置在恋臭假单孢菌群中,向其中借其名称。[1]
戀臭假單胞菌 | |
---|---|
科学分类 | |
界: | 原核生物界 Bacteria |
门: | 變形菌門 Proteobacteria |
纲: | γ-變形菌綱 Gammaproteobacteria |
目: | 假單胞菌目 Pseudomonadales |
科: | 假单胞菌科 Pseudomonadaceae |
属: | 假单胞菌属 Pseudomonas |
种: | 戀臭假單胞菌 P. putida |
二名法 | |
Pseudomonas putida Trevisan, 1889 | |
模式菌株 | |
ATCC 12633 CCUG 12690 | |
異名 | |
Bacillus fluorescens putidus" Flügge 1886 |
牠是世界上第一個被賦予專利的生物體。這個賦予活體專利的行為造成了爭議,後來美國聯邦最高法院判決發明者Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty勝訴,這個史無前例的判決也成了美國的判例(《Diamond v. Chakrabarty》)。
戀臭假單孢菌有許多代謝途徑,可以分解許多有機分子,包括降解甲苯等有機分子[2]。牠被廣泛應用於生物修復技術,或是用於微生物分解漏油等等。除了因為它強大的生物分解能力之外,比起其他假單孢菌屬的種類它更安全無害,而不像綠膿桿菌(P. aeruginosa)那樣是一個具有機會性的人類病原體。
應用
生物修復
戀臭假單孢菌多條代謝途徑的特性,讓它成為開發生物修復技術的寵兒;舉例來說,在被萘污染的土地上,戀臭假單孢菌可被用作土壤接種物來療癒土地[3]。
戀臭假單孢菌還可以將苯乙烯轉化成生物可分解塑膠PHA[4][5]。這被認為是回收保麗龍(發泡聚苯乙烯)的有效方法,因為保麗龍幾乎完全無法被生物分解。
Oligonucleotide Usage Signatures of the Pseudomonas putida KT2440 Genome
Di- to pentanucleotide usage and the list of the most abundant octa- to tetradecanucleotides are useful measures of the bacterial genomic signature. The Pseudomonas putida KT2440 chromosome is characterized by strand symmetry and intra-strand parity of complementary oligonucleotides. Each tetranucleotide occurs with similar frequency on the two strands. Tetranucleotide usage is biased by G+C content and physicochemical constraints such as base stacking energy, dinucleotide propeller twist angle or trinucleotide bendability. The 105 regions with atypical oligonucleotide composition can be differentiated by their patterns of oligonucleotide usage into categories of horizontally acquired gene islands, multidomain genes or ancient regions such as genes for ribosomal proteins and RNAs. A species-specific extragenic palindromic sequence is the most common repeat in the genome that can be exploited for the typing of P. putida strains. In the coding sequence of P. putida LLL is the most abundant tripeptide.[8]
參考文獻
- Anzai; Kim, H; Park, JY; Wakabayashi, H; Oyaizu, H; 等. . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. Jul 2000, 50 (4): 1563–89. PMID 10939664. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-4-1563.
- Marqués, Silvia; Ramos, Juan L. . Molecular Microbiology. 1993, 9 (5): 923–9. PMID 7934920. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01222.x.
- Gomes, NC; Kosheleva, IA; Abraham, WR; Smalla, K. . FEMS microbiology ecology. 2005, 54 (1): 21–33. PMID 16329969. doi:10.1016/j.femsec.2005.02.005.
- Immortal Polystyrene Foam Meets its Enemy | LiveScience
- Ward, PG; Goff, M; Donner, M; Kaminsky, W; O'Connor, KE. . Environmental science & technology. 2006, 40 (7): 2433–7. PMID 16649270. doi:10.1021/es0517668.
- Amer, GA; Utkhede, RS. . Canadian journal of microbiology. 2000, 46 (9): 809–16. PMID 11006841. doi:10.1139/w00-063.
- Validov, S; Kamilova, F; Qi, S; Stephan, D; Wang, JJ; Makarova, N; Lugtenberg, B. . Journal of applied microbiology. 2007, 102 (2): 461–71. PMID 17241352. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03083.x.
- Cornelis P (editor). 1st. Caister Academic Press. 2008 [2014-05-20]. ISBN 1-904455-19-0. (原始内容存档于2016-09-12).
- http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/2011/05/24/newly-discovered-bacteria-lives-on-caffeine
- Summers, RM; Louie, TM; Yu, CL; Subramanian, M. . Microbiology (Reading, England). 2011, 157 (Pt 2): 583–92. PMID 20966097. doi:10.1099/mic.0.043612-0.
外部連結
- (英文)Risk Assessment Summary, CEPA 1999. Pseudomonas putida CR30RNSLL(pADPTel) 页面存档备份,存于.
- (英文)Pseudomonas putida is an example for plant growth promoting Rhizobacterium, which produces iron chelating substances.