斜方肌
斜方肌(Trapezius),是將頭部和肩部向後拉的背部肌肉。兩塊斜方肌從脊椎和頭骨底部,經過背部和肩部連接到肩胛骨和鎖骨。他們可使頭部抬起和傾斜,並使雙肩抬起或穩定。兩者共同形成一個稱為斜方型的四邊形,其名稱即來自於此。
斜方肌 | |
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斜方肌 | |
细节 | |
起點 | external occipital protuberance, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12, Nuchal ligament, Occipital Bone[1]
Medial one-third of superior nuchal line External occipital protuberance Ligamentum nuchae T1-T12 spine Corresponding supraspinous ligaments |
終點 | posterior border of the lateral one-third of the clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula |
动脉 | superficial branch of transverse cervical artery or superficial cervical artery [2] |
神经 | accessory nerve (motor) cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4 (motor and sensation)[3] |
相關動作 | Rotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of scapula |
拮抗肌 | 前鋸肌、背闊肌、胸大肌 |
识别标示 | |
拉丁语 | Musculus trapezius |
TA98 | A04.3.01.001 |
TA2 | 2226 |
FMA | FMA:9626 |
格雷氏 | p.432 |
肌肉解剖学术语 |
斜方肌起于枕外隆凸和枕骨上颈线内三分之一段、颈韧带、第七颈椎棘突、所有胸椎棘突和相应的棘上韧带。上束纤维向外和侧方延续,止于锁骨的外侧三分之一后缘;其功能為上举及外旋肩胛骨,协助头部后仰,侧屈及旋转。下束的纤维向上和侧方走行。在肩胛附近聚合成一个腱膜,在肩胛冈内侧的三角滑面可以滑动,止于其尖端的一个结节;其功能為下压肩胛骨。中束纤维水平走行,止于肩峰内侧缘,肩胛冈后缘的上唇;其功能為内收(缩回)肩胛骨。
來源
- 《人體學習百科》,貓頭鷹出版社,ISBN 957-9684-11-1
外部連結
- Rockwood, Charles A. . 2009-01-01. ISBN 978-1416034278.
- . [2007-12-11]. (原始内容存档于2003-04-22). 已忽略未知参数
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(帮助) - Arthur F. Dalley, Keith L. Moore, Anne M.R. Agur. 6th [International]. Philadelphia [etc.]: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer. 2010: 700. ISBN 978-1-60547-652-0.
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