氧化亚铜
氧化亞銅是一价銅的氧化物,分子式為Cu2O,紅色至紅褐色結晶或粉末。它不溶於水及有機溶劑,但可溶於稀鹽酸、稀硫酸、氯化銨溶液。溶於濃氨溶液形成無色配合物Cu(NH3)2+,其在空氣中被氧化為藍色的[Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+。氧化亞銅在1800℃分解成銅和氧,其在乾燥空氣中穩定,但在潮濕空氣中被慢慢氧化為氧化銅。
氧化亚铜 | |
---|---|
IUPAC名 Copper (I) oxide | |
别名 | 氧化铜(I) |
识别 | |
CAS号 | 1317-39-1 |
PubChem | 10313194 |
ChemSpider | 8488659 |
SMILES |
|
InChI |
|
InChIKey | BERDEBHAJNAUOM-YQWGQOGZAF |
EINECS | 215-270-7 |
RTECS | GL8050000 |
KEGG | C18714 |
性质 | |
化学式 | Cu2O |
摩尔质量 | 143.091[1] g·mol⁻¹ |
外观 | 红棕色固体[1] |
密度 | 6.0 g/cm3[1] |
熔点 | 1244 °C(1517 K) |
沸点 | 1800 °C(2073 K)(分解为铜和氧气[1]) |
溶解性(水) | 难溶[1] |
溶解性(酸) | 易溶(HCl除外) |
能隙 | 2.137 eV |
结构 | |
晶体结构 | 立方[1] |
热力学 | |
ΔfHm |
−170 kJ·mol−1 |
S |
93 J·mol−1·K−1 |
危险性 | |
警示术语 | R:R22, R50/53 |
安全术语 | S:S2, S22, S60, S61 |
MSDS | SIRI.org |
欧盟编号 | 029-002-00-X |
欧盟分类 | 有害(Xn) 危害环境(N) |
NFPA 704 |
0
2
1
|
相关物质 | |
其他阴离子 | 硫化亚铜 硫化铜 硒化亚铜 |
其他阳离子 | 氧化铜, 氧化银, 氧化镍, 氧化锌 |
若非注明,所有数据均出自一般条件(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
2 Cu2O+O2→4 CuO
參見
- 氧化銅
- 赤铜矿
參考
- N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 1997.
- Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 71st edition, CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1990.
- The Merck Index, 7th edition, Merck & Co, Rahway, New Jersey, USA, 1960.
- D. Nicholls, Complexes and First-Row Transition Elements, Macmillan Press, London, 1973.
- P.W. Baumeister: Optical Absorption of Cuprous Oxide, Phys. Rev. 121 (1961), 359.
- L. Brillouin: Wave Propagation and Group Velocity, Academic Press, New York, 1960.
- D. Fröhlich, A. Kulik, B. Uebbing, and A. Mysyrovicz: Coherent Propagation and Quantum Beats of Quadrupole Polaritons in Cu2O, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 (1991), 2343.
- L. Hanke: Transformation von Licht in Wärme in Kristallen - Lineare Absorption in Cu2O, ISBN 3-8265-7269-6, Shaker, Aachen, 2000; (Transformation of light into heat in crystals - Linear absorption in Cu2O).
- L. Hanke, D. Fröhlich, A.L. Ivanov, P.B. Littlewood, and H. Stolz: LA-Phonoritons in Cu2O, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999), 4365.
- L. Hanke, D. Fröhlich, and H. Stolz: Direct observation of longitudinal acoustic phonon absorption to the 1S-exciton in Cu2O, Sol. Stat. Comm. 112 (1999), 455.
- J.J. Hopfield, Theory of the Contribution of Excitons to the Complex Dielectric Constant of Crystals, Phys. Rev. 112 (1958), 1555.
- J.P. Wolfe and A. Mysyrowicz: Excitonic Matter, Scientific American 250 (1984), No. 3, 98.
外部連結
- . 2016-06-24: 4–60. ISBN 1-4987-5428-7 (英语).
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