汞的同位素

**主要的水銀同位素**
標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準)	200.592(3)[1];
←Au（79）	Tl（81）→

汞（原子質量單位：200.59(2)）的同位素，其中有6個是穩定的，而196
Hg為天然放射性同位素，但半衰期只有下界，因此通常和其他6個一起歸類為穩定同位素。其中核磁共振較常用到199
Hg和201
Hg。

圖表

符號	Z（p ）	N（n ）	同位素質量（u）	半衰期[n 1]	衰變方式[2][n 2]	衰變產物[n 3]	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度（莫耳分率）
符號	激發能量			半衰期[n 1]	衰變方式[2][n 2]	衰變產物[n 3]	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度（莫耳分率）
¹⁷¹Hg	80	91	171.00376(32)#	80(30) µs [59(+36−16) µs]			3/2−#
¹⁷²Hg	80	92	171.99883(22)	420(240) µs [0.25(+35−9) ms]			0
¹⁷³Hg	80	93	172.99724(22)#	1.1(4) ms [0.6(+5−2) ms]			3/2−#
¹⁷⁴Hg	80	94	173.992864(21)	2.0(4) ms [2.1(+18−7) ms]			0+
¹⁷⁵Hg	80	95	174.99142(11)	10.8(4) ms	α	¹⁷¹Pt	5/2−#
¹⁷⁶Hg	80	96	175.987355(15)	20.4(15) ms	α (98.6%)	¹⁷²Pt	0+
¹⁷⁶Hg	80	96	175.987355(15)	20.4(15) ms	β⁺ (1.4%)	¹⁷⁶Au	0+
¹⁷⁷Hg	80	97	176.98628(8)	127.3(18) ms	α (85%)	¹⁷³Pt	5/2−#
¹⁷⁷Hg	80	97	176.98628(8)	127.3(18) ms	β⁺ (15%)	¹⁷⁷Au	5/2−#
¹⁷⁸Hg	80	98	177.982483(14)	0.269(3) s	α (70%)	¹⁷⁴Pt	0+
¹⁷⁸Hg	80	98	177.982483(14)	0.269(3) s	β⁺ (30%)	¹⁷⁸Au	0+
¹⁷⁹Hg	80	99	178.981834(29)	1.09(4) s	α (53%)	¹⁷⁵Pt	5/2−#
					β⁺ (47%)	¹⁷⁹Au
					β⁺, p (.15%)	¹⁷⁸Pt
¹⁸⁰Hg[n 4]	80	100	179.978266(15)	2.58(1) s	β⁺ (52%)	¹⁸⁰Au	0+
					α (48%)	¹⁷⁶Pt
					SF	¹⁰⁰Ru, ⁸⁰Kr
¹⁸¹Hg	80	101	180.977819(17)	3.6(1) s	β⁺ (64%)	¹⁸¹Au	1/2(−)
					α (36%)	¹⁷⁷Pt
					β⁺, p (.014%)	¹⁸⁰Pt
					β⁺, α (9×10⁻⁶%)	¹⁷⁷Ir
^181mHg	210(40)# keV						13/2+
¹⁸²Hg	80	102	181.97469(1)	10.83(6) s	β⁺ (84.8%)	¹⁸²Au	0+
					α (15.2%)	¹⁷⁸Pt
					β⁺, p (10⁻⁵%)	¹⁸¹Pt
¹⁸³Hg	80	103	182.974450(9)	9.4(7) s	β⁺ (74.5%)	¹⁸³Au	1/2−
					α (25.5%)	¹⁷⁹Pt
					β⁺, p (5.6×10⁻⁴%)	¹⁸²Pt
^183m1Hg	198(14) keV						13/2+#
^183m2Hg	240(40)# keV			5# s	β⁺	¹⁸³Au	13/2+#
¹⁸⁴Hg	80	104	183.971713(11)	30.6(3) s	β⁺ (98.89%)	¹⁸⁴Au	0+
¹⁸⁴Hg	80	104	183.971713(11)	30.6(3) s	α (1.11%)	¹⁸⁰Pt	0+
¹⁸⁵Hg	80	105	184.971899(17)	49.1(10) s	β⁺ (94%)	¹⁸⁵Au	1/2−
¹⁸⁵Hg	80	105	184.971899(17)	49.1(10) s	α (6%)	¹⁸¹Pt	1/2−
^185mHg	99.3(5) keV			21.6(15) s	IT (54%)	¹⁸⁵Hg	13/2+
					β⁺ (46%)	¹⁸⁵Au
					α (.03%)	¹⁸¹Pt
¹⁸⁶Hg	80	106	185.969362(12)	1.38(6) min	β⁺ (99.92%)	¹⁸⁶Au	0+
¹⁸⁶Hg	80	106	185.969362(12)	1.38(6) min	α (.016%)	¹⁸²Pt	0+
^186mHg	2217.3(4) keV			82(5) µs			(8−)
¹⁸⁷Hg	80	107	186.969814(15)	1.9(3) min	β⁺	¹⁸⁷Au	3/2−
¹⁸⁷Hg	80	107	186.969814(15)	1.9(3) min	α (1.2×10⁻⁴%)	¹⁸³Pt	3/2−
^187mHg	59(16) keV			2.4(3) min	β⁺	¹⁸⁷Au	13/2+
^187mHg	59(16) keV			2.4(3) min	α (2.5×10⁻⁴%)	¹⁸³Pt	13/2+
¹⁸⁸Hg	80	108	187.967577(12)	3.25(15) min	β⁺	¹⁸⁸Au	0+
¹⁸⁸Hg	80	108	187.967577(12)	3.25(15) min	α (3.7×10⁻⁵%)	¹⁸⁴Pt	0+
^188mHg	2724.3(4) keV			134(15) ns			(12+)
¹⁸⁹Hg	80	109	188.96819(4)	7.6(1) min	β⁺	¹⁸⁹Au	3/2−
¹⁸⁹Hg	80	109	188.96819(4)	7.6(1) min	α (3×10⁻⁵%)	¹⁸⁵Pt	3/2−
^189mHg	80(30) keV			8.6(1) min	β⁺	¹⁸⁹Au	13/2+
^189mHg	80(30) keV			8.6(1) min	α (3×10⁻⁵%)	¹⁸⁵Pt	13/2+
¹⁹⁰Hg	80	110	189.966322(17)	20.0(5) min	β⁺	¹⁹⁰Au	0+
¹⁹⁰Hg	80	110	189.966322(17)	20.0(5) min	α (5×10⁻⁵%)	¹⁸⁶Pt	0+
¹⁹¹Hg	80	111	190.967157(24)	49(10) min	β⁺	¹⁹¹Au	3/2(−)
^191mHg	128(22) keV			50.8(15) min	β⁺	¹⁹¹Au	13/2+
¹⁹²Hg	80	112	191.965634(17)	4.85(20) h	ε	¹⁹²Au	0+
¹⁹²Hg	80	112	191.965634(17)	4.85(20) h	α (4×10⁻⁶%)	¹⁸⁸Pt	0+
¹⁹³Hg	80	113	192.966665(17)	3.80(15) h	β⁺	¹⁹³Au	3/2−
^193mHg	140.76(5) keV			11.8(2) h	β⁺ (92.9%)	¹⁹³Au	13/2+
^193mHg	140.76(5) keV			11.8(2) h	IT (7.1%)	¹⁹³Hg	13/2+
¹⁹⁴Hg	80	114	193.965439(13)	444(77) y	ε	¹⁹⁴Au	0+
¹⁹⁵Hg	80	115	194.966720(25)	10.53(3) h	β⁺	¹⁹⁵Au	1/2−
^195mHg	176.07(4) keV			41.6(8) h	IT (54.2%)	¹⁹⁵Hg	13/2+
^195mHg	176.07(4) keV			41.6(8) h	β⁺ (45.8%)	¹⁹⁵Au	13/2+
¹⁹⁶Hg	80	116	195.965833(3)	觀測上穩定[n 5]			0+	0.0015(1)
¹⁹⁷Hg	80	117	196.967213(3)	64.14(5) h	ε	¹⁹⁷Au	1/2−
^197mHg	298.93(8) keV			23.8(1) h	IT (91.4%)	¹⁹⁷Hg	13/2+
^197mHg	298.93(8) keV			23.8(1) h	ε (8.6%)	¹⁹⁷Au	13/2+
¹⁹⁸Hg	80	118	197.9667690(4)	觀測上穩定[n 6]			0+	0.0997(20)
¹⁹⁹Hg	80	119	198.9682799(4)	觀測上穩定[n 7]			1/2−	0.1687(22)
^199mHg	532.48(10) keV			42.66(8) min	IT	¹⁹⁹Hg	13/2+
²⁰⁰Hg	80	120	199.9683260(4)	觀測上穩定[n 8]			0+	0.2310(19)
²⁰¹Hg	80	121	200.9703023(6)	觀測上穩定[n 9]			3/2−	0.1318(9)
^201mHg	766.22(15) keV			94(3) µs			13/2+
²⁰²Hg	80	122	201.9706430(6)	觀測上穩定[n 10]			0+	0.2986(26)
²⁰³Hg	80	123	202.9728725(18)	46.595(6) d	β⁻	²⁰³Tl	5/2−
^203mHg	933.14(23) keV			24(4) µs			(13/2+)
²⁰⁴Hg	80	124	203.9734939(4)	觀測上穩定[n 11]			0+	0.0687(15)
²⁰⁵Hg	80	125	204.976073(4)	5.14(9) min	β⁻	²⁰⁵Tl	1/2−
^205mHg	1556.40(17) keV			1.09(4) ms	IT	²⁰⁵Hg	13/2+
²⁰⁶Hg	80	126	205.977514(22)	8.15(10) min	β⁻	²⁰⁶Tl	0+
²⁰⁷Hg	80	127	206.98259(16)	2.9(2) min	β⁻	²⁰⁷Tl	(9/2+)
²⁰⁸Hg	80	128	207.98594(32)#	42(5) min [41(+5−4) min]	β⁻	²⁰⁸Tl	0+
²⁰⁹Hg	80	129	208.99104(21)#	37(8) s			9/2+#
²¹⁰Hg	80	130	209.99451(32)#	10# min [>300 ns]			0+

備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。

←	同位素列表	→
金的同位素	汞的同位素	鉈的同位素

註釋

Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
Bold for stable isotopes
When produced from ¹⁸⁰Tl can also undergo fission to ¹⁰⁰Ru and ⁸⁰Kr
Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹²Pt or β⁺β⁺ decay to ¹⁹⁶Pt with a half-life over 2.5×10¹⁸ years
Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁴Pt
Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁵Pt
Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁶Pt
Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁷Pt
Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁸Pt
Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰⁰Pt or β⁻β⁻ decay to ²⁰⁴Pb

参考文獻

Meija, Juris; 等. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
. nucleonica. [2015-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）. .

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) 页面存档备份，存于. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) 页面存档备份，存于.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties 页面存档备份，存于, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database 页面存档备份，存于 (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[2] Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)

[4] Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition

[5] Bold for stable isotopes

[6] When produced from ¹⁸⁰Tl can also undergo fission to ¹⁰⁰Ru and ⁸⁰Kr

[7] Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹²Pt or β⁺β⁺ decay to ¹⁹⁶Pt with a half-life over 2.5×10¹⁸ years

[8] Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁴Pt

[9] Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁵Pt

[10] Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁶Pt

[11] Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁷Pt

[12] Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁸Pt

[13] Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰⁰Pt or β⁻β⁻ decay to ²⁰⁴Pb

[CIAAW2013-1] Meija, Juris; 等. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[3] . nucleonica. [2015-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）. .