鉈的同位素

**主要的鉈同位素**
ε	204Hg
標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準)	[204.382, 204.385][1]; 傳統: 204.38;
←Hg（80）	Pb（82）→

鉈（原子量：204.3833(2)）的同位素，其中有2個是穩定的。

圖表

符號	歷史名稱	Z（p ）	N（n ）	同位素質量（u）	半衰期[n 1]	衰變方式[2][n 2]	衰變產物[n 3]	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度（莫耳分率）
符號	歷史名稱	激發能量			半衰期[n 1]	衰變方式[2][n 2]	衰變產物[n 3]	原子核自旋	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度（莫耳分率）
¹⁷⁶Tl		81	95	176.00059(21)#	5.2(+30−14) ms			(3–,4–,5–)
¹⁷⁷Tl		81	96	176.996427(27)	18(5) ms	p	¹⁷⁶Hg	(1/2+)
¹⁷⁷Tl		81	96	176.996427(27)	18(5) ms	α （不常見）	¹⁷³Au	(1/2+)
^177mTl		807(18) keV			230(40) µs	p	¹⁷⁶Hg	(11/2−)
^177mTl		807(18) keV			230(40) µs	α	¹⁷³Au	(11/2−)
¹⁷⁸Tl		81	97	177.99490(12)#	255(10) ms	α	¹⁷⁴Au
¹⁷⁸Tl		81	97	177.99490(12)#	255(10) ms	p （不常見）	¹⁷⁷Hg
¹⁷⁹Tl		81	98	178.99109(5)	270(30) ms	α	¹⁷⁵Au	(1/2+)
¹⁷⁹Tl		81	98	178.99109(5)	270(30) ms	p （不常見）	¹⁷⁸Hg	(1/2+)
^179mTl		860(30)# keV			1.60(16) ms	α	¹⁷⁵Au	(9/2−)
^179mTl		860(30)# keV			1.60(16) ms	IT （不常見）	¹⁷⁹Tl	(9/2−)
¹⁸⁰Tl		81	99	179.98991(13)#	1.5(2) s	α (75%)	¹⁷⁶Au
						β⁺ (25%)	¹⁸⁰Hg
						SF (10⁻⁴%)	¹⁰⁰Ru, ⁸⁰Kr[3]
¹⁸¹Tl		81	100	180.986257(10)	3.2(3) s	α	¹⁷⁷Au	1/2+#
¹⁸¹Tl		81	100	180.986257(10)	3.2(3) s	β⁺	¹⁸¹Hg	1/2+#
^181mTl		857(29) keV			1.7(4) ms	α	¹⁷⁷Au	9/2−#
^181mTl		857(29) keV			1.7(4) ms	β⁺	¹⁸¹Hg	9/2−#
¹⁸²Tl		81	101	181.98567(8)	2.0(3) s	β⁺ (96%)	¹⁸²Hg	2−#
¹⁸²Tl		81	101	181.98567(8)	2.0(3) s	α (4%)	¹⁷⁸Au	2−#
^182m1Tl		100(100)# keV			2.9(5) s	α	¹⁷⁸Au	(7+)
^182m1Tl		100(100)# keV			2.9(5) s	β⁺ （不常見）	¹⁸²Hg	(7+)
^182m2Tl		600(140)# keV						10−
¹⁸³Tl		81	102	182.982193(10)	6.9(7) s	β⁺ (98%)	¹⁸³Hg	1/2+#
¹⁸³Tl		81	102	182.982193(10)	6.9(7) s	α (2%)	¹⁷⁹Au	1/2+#
^183m1Tl		630(17) keV			53.3(3) ms	IT (99.99%)	¹⁸³Tl	9/2−#
^183m1Tl		630(17) keV			53.3(3) ms	α (.01%)	¹⁷⁹Au	9/2−#
^183m2Tl		976.8(3) keV			1.48(10) µs			(13/2+)
¹⁸⁴Tl		81	103	183.98187(5)	9.7(6) s	β⁺	¹⁸⁴Hg	2−#
^184m1Tl		100(100)# keV			10# s	β⁺ (97.9%)	¹⁸⁴Hg	7+#
^184m1Tl		100(100)# keV			10# s	α (2.1%)	¹⁸⁰Au	7+#
^184m2Tl		500(140)# keV			>20 ns			(10−)
¹⁸⁵Tl		81	104	184.97879(6)	19.5(5) s	α	¹⁸¹Au	1/2+#
¹⁸⁵Tl		81	104	184.97879(6)	19.5(5) s	β⁺	¹⁸⁵Hg	1/2+#
^185mTl		452.8(20) keV			1.93(8) s	IT (99.99%)	¹⁸⁵Tl	9/2−#
						α (.01%)	¹⁸¹Au
						β⁺	¹⁸⁵Hg
¹⁸⁶Tl		81	105	185.97833(20)	40# s	β⁺	¹⁸⁶Hg	(2−)
¹⁸⁶Tl		81	105	185.97833(20)	40# s	α (.006%)	¹⁸²Au	(2−)
^186m1Tl		320(180) keV			27.5(10) s	β⁺	¹⁸⁶Hg	(7+)
^186m2Tl		690(180) keV			2.9(2) s			(10−)
¹⁸⁷Tl		81	106	186.975906(9)	~51 s	β⁺	¹⁸⁷Hg	(1/2+)
¹⁸⁷Tl		81	106	186.975906(9)	~51 s	α （不常見）	¹⁸³Au	(1/2+)
^187mTl		335(3) keV			15.60(12) s	α	¹⁸³Au	(9/2−)
						IT	¹⁸⁷Tl
						β⁺	¹⁸⁷Hg
¹⁸⁸Tl		81	107	187.97601(4)	71(2) s	β⁺	¹⁸⁸Hg	(2−)
^188m1Tl		40(30) keV			71(1) s	β⁺	¹⁸⁸Hg	(7+)
^188m2Tl		310(30) keV			41(4) ms			(9−)
¹⁸⁹Tl		81	108	188.973588(12)	2.3(2) min	β⁺	¹⁸⁹Hg	(1/2+)
^189mTl		257.6(13) keV			1.4(1) min	β⁺ (96%)	¹⁸⁹Hg	(9/2−)
^189mTl		257.6(13) keV			1.4(1) min	IT (4%)	¹⁸⁹Tl	(9/2−)
¹⁹⁰Tl		81	109	189.97388(5)	2.6(3) min	β⁺	¹⁹⁰Hg	2(−)
^190m1Tl		130(90)# keV			3.7(3) min	β⁺	¹⁹⁰Hg	7(+#)
^190m2Tl		290(70)# keV			750(40) µs			(8−)
^190m3Tl		410(70)# keV			>1 µs			9−
¹⁹¹Tl		81	110	190.971786(8)	20# min	β⁺	¹⁹¹Hg	(1/2+)
^191mTl		297(7) keV			5.22(16) min	β⁺	¹⁹¹Hg	9/2(−)
¹⁹²Tl		81	111	191.97223(3)	9.6(4) min	β⁺	¹⁹²Hg	(2−)
^192m1Tl		160(50) keV			10.8(2) min	β⁺	¹⁹²Hg	(7+)
^192m2Tl		407(54) keV			296(5) ns			(8−)
¹⁹³Tl		81	112	192.97067(12)	21.6(8) min	β⁺	¹⁹³Hg	1/2(+#)
^193mTl		369(4) keV			2.11(15) min	IT (75%)	¹⁹³Tl	9/2−
^193mTl		369(4) keV			2.11(15) min	β⁺ (25%)	¹⁹³Hg	9/2−
¹⁹⁴Tl		81	113	193.97120(15)	33.0(5) min	β⁺	¹⁹⁴Hg	2−
¹⁹⁴Tl		81	113	193.97120(15)	33.0(5) min	α (10⁻⁷%)	¹⁹⁰Au	2−
^194mTl		300(200)# keV			32.8(2) min	β⁺	¹⁹⁴Hg	(7+)
¹⁹⁵Tl		81	114	194.969774(15)	1.16(5) h	β⁺	¹⁹⁵Hg	1/2+
^195mTl		482.63(17) keV			3.6(4) s	IT	¹⁹⁵Tl	9/2−
¹⁹⁶Tl		81	115	195.970481(13)	1.84(3) h	β⁺	¹⁹⁶Hg	2−
^196mTl		394.2(5) keV			1.41(2) h	β⁺ (95.5%)	¹⁹⁶Hg	(7+)
^196mTl		394.2(5) keV			1.41(2) h	IT (4.5%)	¹⁹⁶Tl	(7+)
¹⁹⁷Tl		81	116	196.969575(18)	2.84(4) h	β⁺	¹⁹⁷Hg	1/2+
^197mTl		608.22(8) keV			540(10) ms	IT	¹⁹⁷Tl	9/2−
¹⁹⁸Tl		81	117	197.97048(9)	5.3(5) h	β⁺	¹⁹⁸Hg	2−
^198m1Tl		543.5(4) keV			1.87(3) h	β⁺ (54%)	¹⁹⁸Hg	7+
^198m1Tl		543.5(4) keV			1.87(3) h	IT (46%)	¹⁹⁸Tl	7+
^198m2Tl		687.2(5) keV			150(40) ns			(5+)
^198m3Tl		742.3(4) keV			32.1(10) ms			(10−)#
¹⁹⁹Tl		81	118	198.96988(3)	7.42(8) h	β⁺	¹⁹⁹Hg	1/2+
^199mTl		749.7(3) keV			28.4(2) ms	IT	¹⁹⁹Tl	9/2−
²⁰⁰Tl		81	119	199.970963(6)	26.1(1) h	β⁺	²⁰⁰Hg	2−
^200m1Tl		753.6(2) keV			34.3(10) ms	IT	²⁰⁰Tl	7+
^200m2Tl		762.0(2) keV			0.33(5) µs			5+
²⁰¹Tl[n 4]		81	120	200.970819(16)	72.912(17) h	ε	²⁰¹Hg	1/2+
^201mTl		919.50(9) keV			2.035(7) ms	IT	²⁰¹Tl	(9/2−)
²⁰²Tl		81	121	201.972106(16)	12.23(2) d	β⁺	²⁰²Hg	2−
^202mTl		950.19(10) keV			572(7) µs			7+
²⁰³Tl		81	122	202.9723442(14)	觀測上穩定[n 5]			1/2+	0.2952(1)	0.29494–0.29528
^203mTl		3400(300) keV			7.7(5) µs			(25/2+)
²⁰⁴Tl		81	123	203.9738635(13)	3.78(2) y	β⁻ (97.1%)	²⁰⁴Pb	2−
²⁰⁴Tl		81	123	203.9738635(13)	3.78(2) y	ε (2.9%)	²⁰⁴Hg	2−
^204m1Tl		1104.0(4) keV			63(2) µs			(7)+
^204m2Tl		2500(500) keV			2.6(2) µs			(12−)
^204m3Tl		3500(500) keV			1.6(2) µs			(20+)
²⁰⁵Tl[n 6]		81	124	204.9744275(14)	觀測上穩定[n 7]			1/2+	0.7048(1)	0.70472–0.70506
^205m1Tl		3290.63(17) keV			2.6(2) µs			25/2+
^205m2Tl		4835.6(15) keV			235(10) ns			(35/2–)
²⁰⁶Tl	Radium E	81	125	205.9761103(15)	4.200(17) min	β⁻	²⁰⁶Pb	0−	Trace[n 8]
^206mTl		2643.11(19) keV			3.74(3) min	IT	²⁰⁶Tl	(12–)
²⁰⁷Tl	Actinium C	81	126	206.977419(6)	4.77(2) min	β⁻	²⁰⁷Pb	1/2+	Trace[n 9]
^207mTl		1348.1(3) keV			1.33(11) s	IT (99.9%)	²⁰⁷Tl	11/2–
^207mTl		1348.1(3) keV			1.33(11) s	β⁻ (.1%)	²⁰⁷Pb	11/2–
²⁰⁸Tl	Thorium C	81	127	207.9820187(21)	3.053(4) min	β⁻	²⁰⁸Pb	5(+)	Trace[n 10]
²⁰⁹Tl		81	128	208.985359(8)	2.161(7) min	β⁻	²⁰⁹Pb	(1/2+)
²¹⁰Tl	Radium C″	81	129	209.990074(12)	1.30(3) min	β⁻ (99.991%)	²¹⁰Pb	(5+)#	Trace[n 8]
²¹⁰Tl	Radium C″	81	129	209.990074(12)	1.30(3) min	β⁻, n (.009%)	²⁰⁹Pb	(5+)#	Trace[n 8]
²¹¹Tl		81	130	210.99348(22)#	1# min [>300 ns]			1/2+#
²¹²Tl		81	131	211.99823(32)#	30# s [>300 ns]			5+#

備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。

←	同位素列表	→
汞的同位素	鉈的同位素	鉛的同位素

註釋

Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
Bold for stable isotopes
Main isotope used in scintigraphy
Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁹Au
Final decay product of 4n+1 decay chain (the Neptunium series)
Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰¹Au
Intermediate decay product of ²³⁸U
Intermediate decay product of ²³⁵U
Intermediate decay product of ²³²Th

参考文獻

Meija, Juris; 等. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
. nucleonica. [2015-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）. .
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=mercury-serves-up-a-nuclear-su

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) 页面存档备份，存于. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) 页面存档备份，存于.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties 页面存档备份，存于, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database 页面存档备份，存于 (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[2] Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)

[4] Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition

[5] Bold for stable isotopes

[7] Main isotope used in scintigraphy

[8] Believed to undergo α decay to ¹⁹⁹Au

[9] Final decay product of 4n+1 decay chain (the Neptunium series)

[10] Believed to undergo α decay to ²⁰¹Au

[Th-11] Intermediate decay product of ²³⁸U

[12] Intermediate decay product of ²³⁵U

[13] Intermediate decay product of ²³²Th

[CIAAW2013-1] Meija, Juris; 等. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[3] . nucleonica. [2015-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）. .

[6] ttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=mercury-serves-up-a-nuclear-su