無籽果實

無籽果實是一種被培植至不包含任何成熟種子的果實。無籽水果食用起來通常更為容易、方便,故具有商業價值。

無籽西瓜

不少被商業培植的無籽果實,本身在天然的果實通常含有比較大而硬的種子,以至分布整個果實的果肉裡。[1][2][3][4]

常見品種

常見的無籽果實品種包括西瓜番茄[4]葡萄(如Termarina rossa[5])和香蕉。此外,還有眾多的無籽柑桔類水果,如檸檬

培植方法

培植無籽水果最常見的原因是不成功的授粉,或是雌配子體雄配子體喪失功能。有很多植物具有自交不親和性(self-incompatibility)的基因,此種特性使植物只容許來自不同遺傳的雌雄親代(即是父親或母親)互相授粉。果農便利用這種特性生產無籽果實,例如橙。當這些栽培品種被種植在植株全與自身一樣的複製株的果園裡時,便會失去製造種子的能力。由於它們是單性結果,所以仍可生產果實。

參考資料

  1. Frost, H. B., Soost, R. K. (1968) "Seed reproduction: development of gametes and embryos". In: Reuther, W. Webber, H. J., Batchelor, L. D. (eds) The Citrus Industry, vol. II: 290-324 University of California Press, Berkeley,California.
  2. Gmitter, F. G., Jr., Ling, X. (1991) Embryogenesis in vitro and nonchimeric tetraploid plant recovery from undeveloped Citrus ovules treated with colchicine. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci 116: 317-321
  3. Soost, R. K., Cameron, J. W. (1985) "'Melogold' a triploid Pummelo-grapefruit hybrid. HortScience 20 :1134-1135
  4. Nowicki, Marcin; 等, (PDF), Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(13):2154-2161; Southern Cross Publishing, 26 October 2013 [2013-10-29], (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-10-03)
  5. J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours pg 1047 Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2
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