特林吉特人
特林吉特人（英語： /ˈklɪŋk[不支援的輸入]t/ 或 /ˈtlɪŋɡ[不支援的輸入]t/；也寫作 Tlinkit）或譯特林基特人，是北美洲太平洋西北海岸原住民的一支[2]，他們自稱為 Lingít（[ɬɪŋkɪ́t]）[3]，其意思是“潮汐之人[4]。其俄語名稱“Колоши”（來自Sugpiaq-Alutiiq語“kulut'ruaq”，指的是女人們用的唇飾）和德語名稱“Koulischen”歷史上也曾用到，例如格里戈里·切利科夫1796年繪製的俄屬北美地圖上就曾出現這些名字[5]。
| 特林基特族 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 總人口 | |
| 15,200（14,000在美國，1,200在加拿大）[1] | |
| 分佈地區 | |
 美國阿拉斯加州.svg.png.webp){kind=small} 加拿大英屬哥倫比亞省、育空地區 | |
| 語言 | |
| 英語、特林吉特語 | |
| 宗教信仰 | |
| 基督教（其中以東正教為主）及其他 |
特林吉特人是在阿拉斯加東南部的溫帶雨林中發展出來的母系氏族[6]。他們採取以漁業為主的半定居式的生活，并結合狩獵採集為生[7]。內陸地區的特林吉特人稱作“內陸特林吉特人”（Inland Tlingit），他們生活在卑詩省西北部和育空地區南部。
注釋
- 1990年代，Pritzker, 209
- Pritzker, 162
- "Lingít Yoo X'atángi: The Tlingit Language." 页面存档备份，存于 Sealaska Heritage Institute. (retrieved 3 December 2009)
- Pritzker, 208 "People of the Tides"
- Shelikhov, Gregorii Ivanovich and Richard A. Pierce. A Voyage to America 1783–1786. Kingston: Limestone Press, 1981.
- Pritzker, 210
- Moss, 27
參考文獻
- de Laguna, Fredericæ. "Tlingit." Suttles, Wayne, ed. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 7: Northwest Coast. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1990: 203-28. ISBN 0-87474-187-4.
- Boyd, Robert Thomas. The Coming of the Spirit of Pestilence: Introduced Infectious Diseases and Population Decline among Northwest Coast Indians, 1774-1874. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-295-97837-6.
- Moss, Madonna. Northwest Coast: Archaeology as Deep History. Washington, D.C.: Society for American Archaeology, 2011.
- Pritzker, Barry M. A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000: 286-7. ISBN 978-0-19-513877-1.
- Kan, Sergei. "Shamanism and Christianity: Modern-Day Tlingit Elders Look at the Past." Klass, Morton and Maxine Wiesgrau, eds. Across The Boundaries Of Belief: Contemporary Issues In The Anthropology Of Religion. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-8133-2695-5.
延伸閱讀
- The Tlingit Indians, George Thornton Emmons (Contributors Frederica De Laguna &Jean Low), University of Washington Press, 1991, ISBN 0295970081, 9780295970080, 488 pp.
- The Tlingit Indians in Russian America, 1741-1867: 1741-1867, Andrei Val'terovich Grinev, Richard L. Bland, Katerina G. Solovjova, Translated by Richard L. Bland, Katerina G. Solovjova, Contributor Richard L. Bland, Katerina G. Solovjova, U. of Nebraska Press, 2005, ISBN 0803222149, 9780803222144, 386 pp.
外部連結
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维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：特林吉特人 |
- Map and list of Tlingit Kwaans and territories 页面存档备份，存于
- Tlingit Language and Culture Resources, Alaska Native Knowledge Network 页面存档备份，存于
- Anash Interactive—An online destination where users create comics, write stories, watch webisodes, download podcasts, play games, read stories and comics by other members, and find out about the Tlingit people of Canada.
- Tlingit Myths and Texts, John R. Swanton, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 39, 1909
- Central Council Tlingit Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska
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