突觸素

突觸素
識別號
别名	SYP；, MRX96, MRXsynaptophysin
外部ID	OMIM：313475 MGI：98467 HomoloGene：2391 GeneCards：SYP
基因位置（人类）
染色体	X染色体（人类）[1]
终止	49,200,259 bp[1]
基因位置（小鼠）
染色体	X染色体（小鼠）[2]
终止	7,653,256 bp[2]
RNA表达模式
	查阅更多表达数据
基因本體
分子功能	• SH2 domain binding; • 蛋白質自締合; • cholesterol binding; • 相同蛋白质结合; • syntaxin-1 binding;
細胞組分	• integral component of membrane; • 膜; • 突觸小泡; • 突触; • 興奮性突觸; • synaptic vesicle membrane; • presynaptic active zone; • 细胞连接; • 末梢神經; • integral component of synaptic vesicle membrane; • neuron projection; • neuron projection terminus; • presynaptic membrane; • cytoplasmic vesicle; • 神经肌肉接点; • Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse; • 细胞质的核周区域;
生物學過程	• cellular response to organic substance; • regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity; • 內吞作用; • regulation of opioid receptor signaling pathway; • regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity; • synaptic vesicle membrane organization; • regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity; • synaptic vesicle maturation; • synaptic vesicle endocytosis; • regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
	6855
	20977
	ENSG00000102003
	ENSMUSG00000031144
	P08247
	Q62277
	NM_003179
	NM_009305
	NP_003170
	NP_033331
	維基數據

突觸素（Synaptophysin），又稱主要突觸小泡蛋白p38（major synaptic vesicle protein p38），是一種人體中由「SYP」基因轉譯而成的蛋白質[5][6]。

遺傳學

該基因位於X染色體的短臂上（Xp11.23-p11.22），約由12,406個鹼基對所構成，位於反義股上。該蛋白由313個胺基所構成，分子量約為33.845kDa。

分子生物學

該蛋白質為突触小泡上的醣蛋白，擁有四個穿膜區。該蛋白主要表現於神經內分泌細胞，基本上只要擁有突觸傳輸功能的神經元皆會表達。在免疫染色組織學上，該蛋白常被作為神經內分泌腫瘤的標誌蛋白，或是用於突觸豐度的定量[7]。

目前該蛋白的確切功能尚未闡明，僅知他會與重要的突觸蛋白synaptobrevin產生交互作用。但在動物實驗中，即使將突觸素的基因敲除，似乎並沒有對動物的發育或功能上產生任何影響[8]。近期研究顯示，突觸素的缺失可能導致小鼠出現行為異常，例如探索行為增加、新奇物辨識（object novelty recognition），以及空間感上產生影響[9]。

交互作用

突觸素可與AP1G1[10]和SIAH2[11]產生交互作用。

參見

人類基因列表

參考文獻

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000102003 - Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031144 - Ensembl, May 2017
. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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McMahon HT, Bolshakov VY, Janz R, Hammer RE, Siegelbaum SA, Südhof TC. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. May 1996, 93 (10): 4760–4. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.4760M. PMC 39352. PMID 8643476. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.4760.
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延伸閱讀

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外部連結

MeSH（醫學主題詞）上面的Synaptophysin（美式英语）

Template:Tumor markers Template:Nerve tissue protein

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000102003 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031144 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] .

[pmid3120152-6] Südhof TC, Lottspeich F, Greengard P, Mehl E, Jahn R. . Nucleic Acids Res. November 1987, 15 (22): 9607. PMC 306499. PMID 3120152. doi:10.1093/nar/15.22.9607.

[pmid9023727-7] Calhoun ME, Jucker M, Martin LJ, Thinakaran G, Price DL, Mouton PR. . J. Neurocytol. December 1996, 25 (12): 821–8. PMID 9023727. doi:10.1007/BF02284844. 温哥华格式错误 (帮助)

[pmid8643476-8] McMahon HT, Bolshakov VY, Janz R, Hammer RE, Siegelbaum SA, Südhof TC. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. May 1996, 93 (10): 4760–4. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.4760M. PMC 39352. PMID 8643476. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.4760.

[pmid19393300-9] Schmitt U, Tanimoto N, Seeliger M, Schaeffel F, Leube RE. . Neuroscience. August 2009, 162 (2): 234–43. PMID 19393300. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.04.046. 已忽略未知参数|citeseerx= (帮助)

[pmid12498786-10] Horikawa HP, Kneussel M, El Far O, Betz H. . Mol. Cell. Neurosci. November 2002, 21 (3): 454–62. PMID 12498786. doi:10.1006/mcne.2002.1191.

[pmid11786535-11] Wheeler TC, Chin LS, Li Y, Roudabush FL, Li L. . J. Biol. Chem. March 2002, 277 (12): 10273–82. PMID 11786535. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107857200. 已忽略未知参数|doi-access= (帮助)