莧科
莧科[註 1](学名:)包括160属大约2,400种植物,多为草本或灌木,稀有乔木或藤本[1][2]。
莧科 化石时期:第三纪–現代 | |
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紫莖牛膝(Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata) | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
目: | 石竹目 Caryophyllales |
科: | 莧科 Amaranthaceae Juss., 1789 |
亞科 | |
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莧科广泛分布在全世界,一般分布在亚热带和热带地区,但也有许多种也分布在温带甚至寒温带地区[1][2]。
2003年的APG II 分类法将藜科合并到苋科中来,两者的唯一区别是苋科花被膜质,藜科附着粉状或皮屑状物;苋科蒴果,藜科胞果[1][2]。
不包括藜科的苋科仅有65属大约900种,大部分生活在热带非洲和北美洲,许多品种可以在盐碱地生长,有的品种是杂草,也有花卉品种。如鸡冠花、千日红和老来少等[1][2]。
屬列表
亞科 | 屬 |
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Amaranthoideae | Achyranthes, Achyropsis, Aerva, Allmania, Allmaniopsis, Amaranthus, Arthraerua, Bosea, Calicorema, Celosia, Centema, Centemopsis, Centrostachys, Chamissoa, Charpentiera, Chionothrix, Cyathula, Dasysphaera, Deeringia, Digera, Eriostylos, Henonia, Herbstia, Hermbstaedtia, Indobanalia, Kelita, Kyphocarpa, Lagrezia, Lecosia, Leucosphaera, Lopriorea, Marcelliopsis,Mechowia, Nelsia, Neocentema, Nothosaerva, Nyssanthes, Omegandra, Pandiaka, Pleuropetalum, Pleuropterantha, Polyrhabda, Pseudosericocoma, Psilotrichopsis, Psilotrichum, Ptilotus, Pupalia, Rosifax, Saltia, Sericocoma, Sericocomopsis, Sericorema, Sericostachys, Stilbanhtus, Trichuriella, Volkensinia, Wadithamnus |
Gomphrenoideae | Alternanthera, Blutaparon, Froelichia, Froelichiella, Gomphrena, Gossypianthus, Guilleminea, Hebanthe, Hebanthodes, Irenella, Iresine, Lithophila, Pedersenia, Pfaffia, Pseudogomphrena, Pseudoplantago, Quaternella, Tidestromia, Woehleria, Xerosiphon |
Betoideae | Acroglochin, Aphanisma, Beta, Hablitzia, Oreobliton, Patellifolia |
Camphorosmoideae | Bassia, Camphorosma, Chenolea, Didymanthus, Dissocarpus, Enchylaena, Eokochia, Eremophea, Eriochiton, Grubovia, Maireana, Malacocera, Neobassia, Neokochia, Osteocarpum, Roycea, Sclerolaena, Sedobassia, Spirobassia, Threlkeldia |
Chenopodioideae | Archiatriplex, Atriplex, Axyris, Baolia, Blitum, Ceratocarpus, Chenopodiastrum, Chenopodium, Cycloloma, Dysphania, Exomis, Extriplex, Grayia, Halimione, Holmbergia, Krascheninnikovia, Lipandra, Manochlamys, Microgynoecium, Micromonolepis, Oxybasis, Proatriplex, Spinacia, Stutzia, Suckleya, Teloxys |
Corispermoideae | Agriophyllum, Anthochlamys, Corispermum |
Polycnemoideae | Hemichroa, Nitrophila, Polycnemum, Surreya |
Salicornioideae | Allenrolfea, Arthrocnemum, Halocnemum, Halopeplis, Halostachys, Heterostachys, Kalidium, Microcnemum, Salicornia, Sarcocornia, Tecticornia |
Salsoloideae | Anabasis, Arthrophytum, Caroxylon, Climacoptera, Cornulaca, Cyathobasis, Fredolia, Girgensohnia, Halarchon, Halimocnemis, Halocharis, Halogeton, Halothamnus, Haloxylon, Hammada, Horaninowia, Iljinia, Kali, Kaviria, Lagenantha, Nanophyton, Noaea, Nucularia, Ofaiston, Petrosimonia, Piptoptera, Physandra, Pyankovia, Rhaphidophyton, Salsola, Sympegma, Traganum, Traganopsis, Turania, Xylosalsola |
Suaedoideae | Bienertia, Suaeda |
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