薊屬

薊屬学名),屬於菊科,是多年生植物,至少150种,分布于北温带。其中较多见的为大薊,是蘇格蘭國花。学名Cirsium来源于希腊语“kirsos”。

薊屬
翼蓟 Cirsium vulgare
科学分类
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支 菊类植物 Asterids
目: 菊目 Asterales
科: 菊科 Asteraceae
亚科: 管状花亚科 Carduoideae
族: 菜蓟族 Cynareae
亚族: 飞廉亚族 Carduinae
属: 薊屬 Cirsium
Mill.

约200种[1],参见本文。

薊屬被某些鱗翅目物種的幼蟲用作食用植物-參見以薊屬為食的鱗翅目的列表。 種子對美國金翅雀等小雀科很有吸引力。

大多数物种通常根据农业利益被视为杂草。 翼蓟(又名歐洲薊)在美国的9个州被列为有害野草[2] 。 为了美观和/或支持授粉者,例如蝴蝶,特别是在花园和野花种植中种植了某些物种。

醫學用途

物种

Cirsium arizonicum
Cirsium canum
薊花上的熊蜂
翼蓟 Cirsium vulgare
  • Cirsium acarna - Soldier Thistle
  • Cirsium acaule - Stemless Thistle, Dwarf Thistle
  • Cirsium altissimum - Roadside Thistle, Tall Thistle
  • Cirsium amblylepis - Mt. Tamalpais Thistle
  • Cirsium andersonii - Anderson's Thistle, Rose Thistle
  • Cirsium andrewsii - Franciscan Thistle
  • Cirsium araneans - Jeweled Thistle
  • Cirsium arcuum - Powderpuff Thistle
  • Cirsium aridum - Desert Thistle
  • Cirsium arizonicum - Arizona Thistle
  • Cirsium arvense - Creeping Thistle, Field Thistle, Canada Thistle
    • Cirsium arvense var.argenteum
    • Cirsium arvense var. integrifolium
    • Cirsium arvense var. mite
    • Cirsium arvense var. vestitum
  • Cirsium barnebyi - Barneby's Thistle
  • Cirsium brachycephalum
  • Cirsium brevifolium - Palouse Thistle
  • Cirsium brevistylum - Clustered Thistle
  • Cirsium calcareum - Cainville Thistle
  • Cirsium californicum - California Thistle
  • Cirsium callilepis - Fringebract Thistle
  • Cirsium campylon - Mount Hamilton Thistle
  • Cirsium canescens - Platte Thistle, Prairie Thistle
  • Cirsium canovirens - Graygreen Thistle
  • Cirsium canum - Queen Anne's Thistle
  • Cirsium carolinianum - Carolina Thistle, Soft Thistle
  • Cirsium caulescens
  • Cirsium centaureae
  • Cirsium chellyense - Queen Thistle
  • Cirsium chuskaense - Monarch Thistle
  • Cirsium ciliolatum - Ashland Thistle
  • Cirsium clavatum - Lake Thistle
  • Cirsium clokeyi - Charleston Mountain Thistle, Whitespine Thistle
  • Cirsium congdonii - Rosette Thistle
  • Cirsium costaricense
  • Cirsium coulteri - Coulter’s Thistle
  • Cirsium crassicaule - Slough Thistle
  • Cirsium cymosum - Peregrine Thistle
  • Cirsium diacanthum
  • Cirsium discolor - Field Thistle, Pasture Thistle
  • Cirsium dissectum - Meadow Thistle
  • Cirsium douglasii
  • Cirsium drummondii - Dwarf Thistle
  • Cirsium durangense
  • Cirsium eatonii - Eaton's Thistle
  • Cirsium edule - Edible Thistle
  • Cirsium engelmannii - Engelmann Thistle, Engelmann's Thistle
  • Cirsium eriophorum - Woolly Thistle
  • Cirsium erisithales - Yellow Melancholy Thistle
  • Cirsium esculentum
  • Cirsium flodmanii - Flodman Thistle, Flodman's Thistle
  • Cirsium foliosum - Drummond's Thistle, Elk Thistle, Leafy Thistle, Meadow Thistle
  • Cirsium fontinale - Fountain Thistle
  • Cirsium gilense - Gila Thistle
  • Cirsium grahamii - Graham's Thistle
  • Cirsium griseum - Gray Thistle
  • Cirsium hallii - Hall's Thistle
  • Cirsium helenioides - Melancholy Thistle, Common Melancholy Thistle
  • Cirsium heterophyllum - Melancholy Thistle
  • Cirsium hillii - Hill's Thistle
  • Cirsium hookerianum - White Thistle
  • Cirsium horridulum - Yellow Thistle
  • Cirsium humboldtense - Humboldt County Thistle
  • Cirsium hydrophilum - Suisun Thistle
  • Cirsium hypoleucum
  • Cirsium inornatum - Cloudcroft Thistle
  • 南國小薊 Cirsium japonicum
  • Cirsium kamtschaticum - Kamchatka Thistle
  • Cirsium kawakamii - Yushan Thistle (玉山蓟)
  • Cirsium lanatum - Hairy Thistle
  • Cirsium laterifolium - Porcupine Thistle
  • Cirsium lecontei - Le Conte's Thistle
  • Cirsium leo
  • Cirsium libanoticum
  • Cirsium loncholepis - LaGraciosa Thistle
  • Cirsium longistylum - Longstyle Thistle
  • Cirsium maritimum
  • Cirsium mendocinum - Mendocino Thistle
  • Cirsium mexicanum - Mexican Thistle
  • Cirsium modestum - Lacy Thistle
  • Cirsium mohavense - Mojave Thistle
  • Cirsium murdockii - Murdock's Thistle
  • Cirsium muticum - Swamp Thistle
  • Cirsium navajoense - Navajo Thistle
  • Cirsium neomexicanum - Lavender Thistle, New Mexico Thistle
  • Cirsium nipponicum
  • Cirsium nuttallii - Nuttall's Thistle
  • Cirsium occidentale -Cobweb Thistle
  • Cirsium ochrocentrum - Yellowspine Thistle
  • Cirsium oleraceum - Cabbage thistle
  • Cirsium olivescens - Summer Thistle
  • Cirsium oreophilum - Crow Thistle
  • Cirsium osterhoutii - Osterhout's Thistle
  • Cirsium ownbeyi - Ownbey's Thistle
  • Cirsium pallidum - Pale Thistle
  • Cirsium palustre - Marsh thistle, European Swamp Thistle
  • Cirsium parryi - Parry's Thistle
  • Cirsium pastoris - Snowy Thistle
  • Cirsium peckii - Steen Mountain Thistle
  • Cirsium pendulum
  • Cirsium perplexans - Rocky Mountain Thistle
  • Cirsium pitcheri - Pitcher's Thistle, Sand Dune Thistle
  • Cirsium praeteriens - Palo Alto Thistle, Lost Thistle
  • Cirsium proteanum - Red Thistle
  • Cirsium pulcherrimum - Wyoming Thistle
  • Cirsium pumilum - Pasture Thistle
  • Cirsium pyrenaicum
  • Cirsium quercetorum - Alameda County Thistle
  • Cirsium remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle
    • Cirsium remotifolium var. remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle
  • Cirsium repandum - Sandhill Thistle
  • Cirsium rhaphilepis
  • Cirsium rhothophilum - Surf Thistle
  • Cirsium rivulare
  • Cirsium rothrockii - Rothrock's Thistle
  • Cirsium rusbyi - Rusby's Thistle
  • Cirsium rydbergii - Rydberg's Thistle
  • Cirsium scabrum - Rough Thistle
  • Cirsium scapanolepis - Mountain Slope Thistle
  • Cirsium scariosum - Meadow Thistle
  • Cirsium scopulorum - Mountain Thistle
  • Cirsium segetum
  • Cirsium serrulatum
  • Cirsium spinosissimum
  • Cirsium subniveum - Gray Thistle, Jackson Hole Thistle
  • Cirsium tanakae
  • Cirsium texanum - Texas Thistle
  • Cirsium tioganum - Stemless Thistle
  • Cirsium tuberosum - Tuberous Thistle. Similar to Cirsium dissectum (Meadow Thistle).
  • Cirsium turneri - Cliff Thistle
  • Cirsium undulatum - Gray Thistle, Wavy-leaf Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
    • Cirsium undulatum var. tracyi - Tracy's Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
    • Cirsium undulatum var. undulatum - Wavyleaf Thistle
  • Cirsium validus - Graceful Thistle
  • Cirsium vernale - Spring Thistle
  • Cirsium vinaceum - Sacramento Mountain Thistle, Sacramento Mountains Thistle
  • Cirsium virginense - Virgin Thistle
  • Cirsium virginianum - Virginia Thistle
  • Cirsium vulgare - Bull Thistle, Spear Thistle, Common Thistle, Fuller's Thistle (syn. C. lanceolatum)
  • Cirsium wheeleri - Wheeler's Thistle
  • Cirsium wrightii - Wright's Thistle
杂交种
  • Cirsium × canalense - Canal Thistle
  • Cirsium × crassum - Thistle
  • Cirsium × erosum - Glory Thistle
  • Cirsium × iowense - Iowa Thistle
  • Cirsium × vancouverense - Vancouver Thistle

参考文献

  1. . Flora of North America. [2010-01-20]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-07) (英语).
  2. . USDA Plant Database. USDA. [2008-07-15].

延伸阅读

[在维基数据]

欽定古今圖書集成·博物彙編·草木典·薊部》,出自《古今圖書集成

外部链接

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:薊屬
  • (英文)Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. . Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 0-89672-614-2
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.