薊屬
薊屬(学名:),屬於菊科,是多年生植物,至少150种,分布于北温带。其中较多见的为大薊,是蘇格蘭國花。学名Cirsium来源于希腊语“kirsos”。
薊屬 | |
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翼蓟 Cirsium vulgare | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
演化支: | 菊类植物 Asterids |
目: | 菊目 Asterales |
科: | 菊科 Asteraceae |
亚科: | 管状花亚科 Carduoideae |
族: | 菜蓟族 Cynareae |
亚族: | 飞廉亚族 Carduinae |
属: | 薊屬 Cirsium Mill. |
种 | |
约200种[1],参见本文。 |
薊屬被某些鱗翅目物種的幼蟲用作食用植物-參見以薊屬為食的鱗翅目的列表。 種子對美國金翅雀等小雀科很有吸引力。
大多数物种通常根据农业利益被视为杂草。 翼蓟(又名歐洲薊)在美国的9个州被列为有害野草[2] 。 为了美观和/或支持授粉者,例如蝴蝶,特别是在花园和野花种植中种植了某些物种。
醫學用途
- 止血
- 消腫
物种
- Cirsium acarna - Soldier Thistle
- Cirsium acaule - Stemless Thistle, Dwarf Thistle
- Cirsium altissimum - Roadside Thistle, Tall Thistle
- Cirsium amblylepis - Mt. Tamalpais Thistle
- Cirsium andersonii - Anderson's Thistle, Rose Thistle
- Cirsium andrewsii - Franciscan Thistle
- Cirsium araneans - Jeweled Thistle
- Cirsium arcuum - Powderpuff Thistle
- Cirsium aridum - Desert Thistle
- Cirsium arizonicum - Arizona Thistle
- Cirsium arvense - Creeping Thistle, Field Thistle, Canada Thistle
- Cirsium arvense var.argenteum
- Cirsium arvense var. integrifolium
- Cirsium arvense var. mite
- Cirsium arvense var. vestitum
- Cirsium barnebyi - Barneby's Thistle
- Cirsium brachycephalum
- Cirsium brevifolium - Palouse Thistle
- Cirsium brevistylum - Clustered Thistle
- Cirsium calcareum - Cainville Thistle
- Cirsium californicum - California Thistle
- Cirsium callilepis - Fringebract Thistle
- Cirsium campylon - Mount Hamilton Thistle
- Cirsium canescens - Platte Thistle, Prairie Thistle
- Cirsium canovirens - Graygreen Thistle
- Cirsium canum - Queen Anne's Thistle
- Cirsium carolinianum - Carolina Thistle, Soft Thistle
- Cirsium caulescens
- Cirsium centaureae
- Cirsium chellyense - Queen Thistle
- Cirsium chuskaense - Monarch Thistle
- Cirsium ciliolatum - Ashland Thistle
- Cirsium clavatum - Lake Thistle
- Cirsium clokeyi - Charleston Mountain Thistle, Whitespine Thistle
- Cirsium congdonii - Rosette Thistle
- Cirsium costaricense
- Cirsium coulteri - Coulter’s Thistle
- Cirsium crassicaule - Slough Thistle
- Cirsium cymosum - Peregrine Thistle
- Cirsium diacanthum
- Cirsium discolor - Field Thistle, Pasture Thistle
- Cirsium dissectum - Meadow Thistle
- Cirsium douglasii
- Cirsium drummondii - Dwarf Thistle
- Cirsium durangense
- Cirsium eatonii - Eaton's Thistle
- Cirsium edule - Edible Thistle
- Cirsium engelmannii - Engelmann Thistle, Engelmann's Thistle
- Cirsium eriophorum - Woolly Thistle
- Cirsium erisithales - Yellow Melancholy Thistle
- Cirsium esculentum
- Cirsium flodmanii - Flodman Thistle, Flodman's Thistle
- Cirsium foliosum - Drummond's Thistle, Elk Thistle, Leafy Thistle, Meadow Thistle
- Cirsium fontinale - Fountain Thistle
- Cirsium gilense - Gila Thistle
- Cirsium grahamii - Graham's Thistle
- Cirsium griseum - Gray Thistle
- Cirsium hallii - Hall's Thistle
- Cirsium helenioides - Melancholy Thistle, Common Melancholy Thistle
- Cirsium heterophyllum - Melancholy Thistle
- Cirsium hillii - Hill's Thistle
- Cirsium hookerianum - White Thistle
- Cirsium horridulum - Yellow Thistle
- Cirsium humboldtense - Humboldt County Thistle
- Cirsium hydrophilum - Suisun Thistle
- Cirsium hypoleucum
- Cirsium inornatum - Cloudcroft Thistle
- 南國小薊 Cirsium japonicum
- Cirsium kamtschaticum - Kamchatka Thistle
- Cirsium kawakamii - Yushan Thistle (玉山蓟)
- Cirsium lanatum - Hairy Thistle
- Cirsium laterifolium - Porcupine Thistle
- Cirsium lecontei - Le Conte's Thistle
- Cirsium leo
- Cirsium libanoticum
- Cirsium loncholepis - LaGraciosa Thistle
- Cirsium longistylum - Longstyle Thistle
- Cirsium maritimum
- Cirsium mendocinum - Mendocino Thistle
- Cirsium mexicanum - Mexican Thistle
- Cirsium modestum - Lacy Thistle
- Cirsium mohavense - Mojave Thistle
- Cirsium murdockii - Murdock's Thistle
- Cirsium muticum - Swamp Thistle
- Cirsium navajoense - Navajo Thistle
- Cirsium neomexicanum - Lavender Thistle, New Mexico Thistle
- Cirsium nipponicum
- Cirsium nuttallii - Nuttall's Thistle
- Cirsium occidentale -Cobweb Thistle
- Cirsium ochrocentrum - Yellowspine Thistle
- Cirsium oleraceum - Cabbage thistle
- Cirsium olivescens - Summer Thistle
- Cirsium oreophilum - Crow Thistle
- Cirsium osterhoutii - Osterhout's Thistle
- Cirsium ownbeyi - Ownbey's Thistle
- Cirsium pallidum - Pale Thistle
- Cirsium palustre - Marsh thistle, European Swamp Thistle
- Cirsium parryi - Parry's Thistle
- Cirsium pastoris - Snowy Thistle
- Cirsium peckii - Steen Mountain Thistle
- Cirsium pendulum
- Cirsium perplexans - Rocky Mountain Thistle
- Cirsium pitcheri - Pitcher's Thistle, Sand Dune Thistle
- Cirsium praeteriens - Palo Alto Thistle, Lost Thistle
- Cirsium proteanum - Red Thistle
- Cirsium pulcherrimum - Wyoming Thistle
- Cirsium pumilum - Pasture Thistle
- Cirsium pyrenaicum
- Cirsium quercetorum - Alameda County Thistle
- Cirsium remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle
- Cirsium remotifolium var. remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle
- Cirsium repandum - Sandhill Thistle
- Cirsium rhaphilepis
- Cirsium rhothophilum - Surf Thistle
- Cirsium rivulare
- Cirsium rothrockii - Rothrock's Thistle
- Cirsium rusbyi - Rusby's Thistle
- Cirsium rydbergii - Rydberg's Thistle
- Cirsium scabrum - Rough Thistle
- Cirsium scapanolepis - Mountain Slope Thistle
- Cirsium scariosum - Meadow Thistle
- Cirsium scopulorum - Mountain Thistle
- Cirsium segetum
- Cirsium serrulatum
- Cirsium spinosissimum
- Cirsium subniveum - Gray Thistle, Jackson Hole Thistle
- Cirsium tanakae
- Cirsium texanum - Texas Thistle
- Cirsium tioganum - Stemless Thistle
- Cirsium tuberosum - Tuberous Thistle. Similar to Cirsium dissectum (Meadow Thistle).
- Cirsium turneri - Cliff Thistle
- Cirsium undulatum - Gray Thistle, Wavy-leaf Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
- Cirsium undulatum var. tracyi - Tracy's Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
- Cirsium undulatum var. undulatum - Wavyleaf Thistle
- Cirsium validus - Graceful Thistle
- Cirsium vernale - Spring Thistle
- Cirsium vinaceum - Sacramento Mountain Thistle, Sacramento Mountains Thistle
- Cirsium virginense - Virgin Thistle
- Cirsium virginianum - Virginia Thistle
- Cirsium vulgare - Bull Thistle, Spear Thistle, Common Thistle, Fuller's Thistle (syn. C. lanceolatum)
- Cirsium wheeleri - Wheeler's Thistle
- Cirsium wrightii - Wright's Thistle
- 杂交种
- Cirsium × canalense - Canal Thistle
- Cirsium × crassum - Thistle
- Cirsium × erosum - Glory Thistle
- Cirsium × iowense - Iowa Thistle
- Cirsium × vancouverense - Vancouver Thistle
参考文献
- . Flora of North America. [2010-01-20]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-07) (英语).
- . USDA Plant Database. USDA. [2008-07-15].
外部链接
维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:薊屬 |
- (英文)Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. . Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 0-89672-614-2
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