釙的同位素

**主要的釙同位素**
β+	208Bi
β+	209Bi
←Bi（83）	At（85）→

釙有25个已知的同位素，都具有放射性，目前已觀測到的釙同位素質量數在186到227之間，其中有七個屬於天然放射性的痕量元素，當中以210
Po最為穩定。

圖表

符號	歷史名稱	Z（p ） [2][3]	N（n ） [2][3]	同位素質量（u） [4]	半衰期 [4][5][6]	衰變方式 [7][n 1]	衰變產物 [n 2]	原子核自旋 [4][5][6]	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度的變化量（莫耳分率）
符號	歷史名稱	激發能量			半衰期 [4][5][6]	衰變方式 [7][n 1]	衰變產物 [n 2]	原子核自旋 [4][5][6]	相對豐度（莫耳分率）	相對豐度的變化量（莫耳分率）
¹⁸⁸Po		84	104	187.999422(21)	430(180) µs [0.40(+20−15) ms]			0+
¹⁸⁹Po		84	105	188.998481(24)	5(1) ms			3/2−#
¹⁹⁰Po		84	106	189.995101(14)	2.46(5) ms	α (99.9%)	¹⁸⁶Pb	0+
¹⁹⁰Po		84	106	189.995101(14)	2.46(5) ms	β⁺ (.1%)	¹⁹⁰Bi	0+
¹⁹¹Po		84	107	190.994574(12)	22(1) ms	α	¹⁸⁷Pb	3/2−#
¹⁹¹Po		84	107	190.994574(12)	22(1) ms	β⁺ （不常見）	¹⁹¹Bi	3/2−#
^191mPo		130(21) keV			93(3) ms			(13/2+)
¹⁹²Po		84	108	191.991335(13)	32.2(3) ms	α (99%)	¹⁸⁸Pb	0+
¹⁹²Po		84	108	191.991335(13)	32.2(3) ms	β⁺ (1%)	¹⁹²Bi	0+
^192mPo		2600(500)# keV			~1 µs			12+#
¹⁹³Po		84	109	192.99103(4)	420(40) ms [370(+46−40) ms]	α	¹⁸⁹Pb	3/2−#
¹⁹³Po		84	109	192.99103(4)	420(40) ms [370(+46−40) ms]	β⁺ （不常見）	¹⁹³Bi	3/2−#
^193mPo		100(30)# keV			240(10) ms [243(+11−10) ms]	α	¹⁸⁹Pb	(13/2+)
^193mPo		100(30)# keV			240(10) ms [243(+11−10) ms]	β⁺ （不常見）	¹⁹³Bi	(13/2+)
¹⁹⁴Po		84	110	193.988186(13)	0.392(4) s	α	¹⁹⁰Pb	0+
¹⁹⁴Po		84	110	193.988186(13)	0.392(4) s	β⁺ （不常見）	¹⁹⁴Bi	0+
^194mPo		2525(2) keV			15(2) µs			(11−)
¹⁹⁵Po		84	111	194.98811(4)	4.64(9) s	α (75%)	¹⁹¹Pb	3/2−#
¹⁹⁵Po		84	111	194.98811(4)	4.64(9) s	β⁺ (25%)	¹⁹⁵Bi	3/2−#
^195mPo		110(50) keV			1.92(2) s	α (90%)	¹⁹¹Pb	13/2+#
						β⁺ (10%)	¹⁹⁵Bi
						IT (.01%)	¹⁹⁵Po
¹⁹⁶Po		84	112	195.985535(14)	5.56(12) s	α (94%)	¹⁹²Pb	0+
¹⁹⁶Po		84	112	195.985535(14)	5.56(12) s	β⁺ (6%)	¹⁹⁶Bi	0+
^196mPo		2490.5(17) keV			850(90) ns			(11−)
¹⁹⁷Po		84	113	196.98566(5)	53.6(10) s	β⁺ (54%)	¹⁹⁷Bi	(3/2−)
¹⁹⁷Po		84	113	196.98566(5)	53.6(10) s	α (44%)	¹⁹³Pb	(3/2−)
^197mPo		230(80)# keV			25.8(1) s	α (84%)	¹⁹³Pb	(13/2+)
						β⁺ (16%)	¹⁹⁷Bi
						IT (.01%)	¹⁹⁷Po
¹⁹⁸Po		84	114	197.983389(19)	1.77(3) min	α (57%)	¹⁹⁴Pb	0+
¹⁹⁸Po		84	114	197.983389(19)	1.77(3) min	β⁺ (43%)	¹⁹⁸Bi	0+
^198m1Po		2565.92(20) keV			200(20) ns			11−
^198m2Po		2691.86(20) keV			750(50) ns			12+
¹⁹⁹Po		84	115	198.983666(25)	5.48(16) min	β⁺ (92.5%)	¹⁹⁹Bi	(3/2−)
¹⁹⁹Po		84	115	198.983666(25)	5.48(16) min	α (7.5%)	¹⁹⁵Pb	(3/2−)
^199mPo		312.0(28) keV			4.17(4) min	β⁺ (73.5%)	¹⁹⁹Bi	13/2+
						α (24%)	¹⁹⁵Pb
						IT (2.5%)	¹⁹⁹Po
²⁰⁰Po		84	116	199.981799(15)	11.5(1) min	β⁺ (88.8%)	²⁰⁰Bi	0+
²⁰⁰Po		84	116	199.981799(15)	11.5(1) min	α (11.1%)	¹⁹⁶Pb	0+
²⁰¹Po		84	117	200.982260(6)	15.3(2) min	β⁺ (98.4%)	²⁰¹Bi	3/2−
²⁰¹Po		84	117	200.982260(6)	15.3(2) min	α (1.6%)	¹⁹⁷Pb	3/2−
^201mPo		424.1(24) keV			8.9(2) min	IT (56%)	²⁰¹Po	13/2+
						ε (41%)	²⁰¹Bi
						α (2.9%)	¹⁹⁷Pb
²⁰²Po		84	118	201.980758(16)	44.7(5) min	β⁺ (98%)	²⁰²Bi	0+
²⁰²Po		84	118	201.980758(16)	44.7(5) min	α (2%)	¹⁹⁸Pb	0+
^202mPo		2626.7(7) keV			>200 ns			11−
²⁰³Po		84	119	202.981420(28)	36.7(5) min	β⁺ (99.89%)	²⁰³Bi	5/2−
²⁰³Po		84	119	202.981420(28)	36.7(5) min	α (.11%)	¹⁹⁹Pb	5/2−
^203m1Po		641.49(17) keV			45(2) s	IT (99.96%)	²⁰³Po	13/2+
^203m1Po		641.49(17) keV			45(2) s	α (.04%)	¹⁹⁹Pb	13/2+
^203m2Po		2158.5(6) keV			>200 ns
²⁰⁴Po		84	120	203.980318(12)	3.53(2) h	β⁺ (99.33%)	²⁰⁴Bi	0+
²⁰⁴Po		84	120	203.980318(12)	3.53(2) h	α (.66%)	²⁰⁰Pb	0+
²⁰⁵Po		84	121	204.981203(21)	1.66(2) h	β⁺ (99.96%)	²⁰⁵Bi	5/2−
²⁰⁵Po		84	121	204.981203(21)	1.66(2) h	α (.04%)	²⁰¹Pb	5/2−
^205m1Po		143.166(17) keV			310(60) ns			1/2−
^205m2Po		880.30(4) keV			645 µs			13/2+
^205m3Po		1461.21(21) keV			57.4(9) ms	IT	²⁰⁵Po	19/2−
^205m4Po		3087.2(4) keV			115(10) ns			29/2−
²⁰⁶Po		84	122	205.980481(9)	8.8(1) d	β⁺ (94.55%)	²⁰⁶Bi	0+
²⁰⁶Po		84	122	205.980481(9)	8.8(1) d	α (5.45%)	²⁰²Pb	0+
^206m1Po		1585.85(11) keV			222(10) ns			(8+)#
^206m2Po		2262.22(14) keV			1.05(6) µs			(9−)#
²⁰⁷Po		84	123	206.981593(7)	5.80(2) h	β⁺ (99.97%)	²⁰⁷Bi	5/2−
²⁰⁷Po		84	123	206.981593(7)	5.80(2) h	α (.021%)	²⁰³Pb	5/2−
^207m1Po		68.573(14) keV			205(10) ns			1/2−
^207m2Po		1115.073(16) keV			49(4) µs			13/2+
^207m3Po		1383.15(6) keV			2.79(8) s	IT	²⁰⁷Po	19/2−
²⁰⁸Po		84	124	207.9812457(19)	2.898(2) y	α (99.99%)	²⁰⁴Pb	0+
²⁰⁸Po		84	124	207.9812457(19)	2.898(2) y	β⁺ (.00277%)	²⁰⁸Bi	0+
²⁰⁹Po		84	125	208.9824304(20)	125.2(3.3) y[8]	α (99.52%)	²⁰⁵Pb	1/2−
²⁰⁹Po		84	125	208.9824304(20)	125.2(3.3) y[8]	β⁺ (.48%)	²⁰⁹Bi	1/2−
²¹⁰Po	Radium F	84	126	209.9828737(13)	138.376(2) d	α	²⁰⁶Pb	0+	痕量[n 3]或天然放射性 1.000
^210mPo		5057.61(4) keV			263(5) ns			16+
²¹¹Po	Actinium C'	84	127	210.9866532(14)	0.516(3) s	α	²⁰⁷Pb	9/2+	痕量[n 4]
^211m1Po		1462(5) keV			25.2(6) s	α (99.98%)	²⁰⁷Pb	(25/2+)
^211m1Po		1462(5) keV			25.2(6) s	IT (.016%)	²¹¹Po	(25/2+)
^211m2Po		2135.7(9) keV			243(21) ns			(31/2−)
^211m3Po		4873.3(17) keV			2.8(7) µs			(43/2+)
²¹²Po	Thorium C'	84	128	211.9888680(13)	299(2) ns	α	²⁰⁸Pb	0+	痕量[n 5]
^212mPo		2911(12) keV			45.1(6) s	α (99.93%)	²⁰⁸Pb	(18+)
^212mPo		2911(12) keV			45.1(6) s	IT (.07%)	²¹²Po	(18+)
²¹³Po		84	129	212.992857(3)	3.65(4) µs	α	²⁰⁹Pb	9/2+
²¹⁴Po	Radium C'	84	130	213.9952014(16)	164.3(20) µs	α	²¹⁰Pb	0+	痕量[n 3]
²¹⁵Po	Actinium A	84	131	214.9994200(27)	1.781(4) ms	α (99.99%)	²¹¹Pb	9/2+	痕量[n 4]
²¹⁵Po	Actinium A	84	131	214.9994200(27)	1.781(4) ms	β⁻ (2.3×10⁻⁴%)	²¹⁵At	9/2+	痕量[n 4]
²¹⁶Po	Thorium A	84	132	216.0019150(24)	0.145(2) s	α	²¹²Pb	0+	痕量[n 5]
²¹⁶Po	Thorium A	84	132	216.0019150(24)	0.145(2) s	β⁻β⁻ （不常見）	²¹⁶Rn	0+	痕量[n 5]
²¹⁷Po		84	133	217.006335(7)	1.47(5) s	α (95%)	²¹³Pb	5/2+#
²¹⁷Po		84	133	217.006335(7)	1.47(5) s	β⁻ (5%)	²¹⁷At	5/2+#
²¹⁸Po	Radium A	84	134	218.0089730(26)	3.10(1) min	α (99.98%)	²¹⁴Pb	0+	痕量[n 3]
²¹⁸Po	Radium A	84	134	218.0089730(26)	3.10(1) min	β⁻ (.02%)	²¹⁸At	0+	痕量[n 3]
²¹⁹Po		84	135	219.01374(39)#	2# min [>300 ns]			7/2+#
²²⁰Po		84	136	220.01660(39)#	40# s [>300 ns]			0+

備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的證明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。

←	同位素列表	→
鉍的同位素	釙的同位素	砈的同位素

註釋

Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
Bold for stable isotopes, bold italics for nearly stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe)
Intermediate decay product of Uranium-238
Intermediate decay product of Uranium-235
Intermediate decay product of Thorium-232

参考文獻

Boutin, Chad. . nist.gov. NIST Tech Beat. [9 September 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-06）.
J. R. de Laeter; J. K. Böhlke; P. De Bièvre; H. Hidaka; H. S. Peiser; K. J. R. Rosman; P. D. P. Taylor. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2003, 75 (6): 683–800 [2015-10-08]. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683. （原始内容存档于2018-07-01）.
M. E. Wieser. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2006, 78 (11): 2051–2066 [2015-10-08]. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）. Lay summary.
G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon. (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 2003, 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-09-23）.
National Nuclear Data Center. . Brookhaven National Laboratory. [September 2005]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-13）.
N. E. Holden. . D. R. Lide (编). 85th. CRC Press. 2004: 11-50. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
. nucleonica. [2015-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）. .
Boutin, Chad. . nist.gov. NIST Tech Beat. [9 September 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-06）.

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) 页面存档备份，存于. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) 页面存档备份，存于.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties 页面存档备份，存于, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database 页面存档备份，存于 (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[8] Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition

[9] Bold for stable isotopes, bold italics for nearly stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe)

[rs-11] Intermediate decay product of Uranium-238

[as-12] Intermediate decay product of Uranium-235

[ths-13] Intermediate decay product of Thorium-232

[Po209-1] Boutin, Chad. . nist.gov. NIST Tech Beat. [9 September 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-06）.

[deLaeter2003-2] J. R. de Laeter; J. K. Böhlke; P. De Bièvre; H. Hidaka; H. S. Peiser; K. J. R. Rosman; P. D. P. Taylor. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2003, 75 (6): 683–800 [2015-10-08]. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683. （原始内容存档于2018-07-01）.

[Wieser2006-3] M. E. Wieser. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2006, 78 (11): 2051–2066 [2015-10-08]. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）. Lay summary.

[Audi2003-4] G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon. (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 2003, 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-09-23）.

[NNDC-5] National Nuclear Data Center. . Brookhaven National Laboratory. [September 2005]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-13）.

[Holden2004sec11-6] N. E. Holden. . D. R. Lide (编). 85th. CRC Press. 2004: 11-50. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.

[7] . nucleonica. [2015-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）. .

[10] Boutin, Chad. . nist.gov. NIST Tech Beat. [9 September 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-06）.