針蟻亞科
針蟻亞科(Ponerinae)隸屬於蟻科針蟻亞科群(Poneromorph),約有47屬1600種,包含世界最大的螞蟻之一巨人恐針蟻(Dinoponera gigantea),在很多物種中,交配過的工蟻會取代蟻后,產下可完整發育的卵,在這些物種中,可以透過解剖卵巢來判斷是否為繁殖型工蟻。
針蟻亞科 化石时期:Turonian-Recent | |
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Fighting Harpegnathos saltator | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
纲: | 昆虫纲 Insecta |
目: | 膜翅目 Hymenoptera |
科: | 蟻科 Formicidae |
亚科: | 針蟻亞科 Ponerinae Lepeletier, 1835 |
模式属 | |
Ponera Latreille, 1804 | |
多样性[1] | |
59屬 |
最容易的鑑定方式就是觀察腹垂節是否隘縮[2]。
屬
- Platythyreini Emery, 1901
- Platythyrea Roger, 1863
- 針蟻族 Ponerini Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
- 顎針蟻屬 Anochetus Mayr, 1861
- †Archiponera Carpenter, 1930
- Asphinctopone Santschi, 1914
- 澳針蟻屬 Austroponera Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014
- Belonopelta Mayr, 1870
- Boloponera Fisher, 2006
- Bothroponera Mayr, 1862
- Brachyponera Emery, 1900
- Buniapone Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014
- 盲針蟻屬 Centromyrmex Mayr, 1866
- †Cephalopone Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012[3]
- 隱針蟻屬 Cryptopone Emery, 1893
- †Cyrtopone Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012[3]
- 雙稜針蟻屬 Diacamma Mayr, 1862
- 恐針蟻屬 Dinoponera Roger, 186
- Dolioponera Brown, 1974
- Ectomomyrmex Mayr, 1867
- 艾氏針蟻屬 Emeryopone Forel, 1912
- Euponera Forel, 1891
- Feroponera Bolton & Fisher, 2008
- Fisheropone Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014
- Hagensia Forel, 1901
- 掠針蟻屬 Harpegnathos Jerdon, 1851
- 姬針蟻屬 Hypoponera Santschi, 1938
- Iroponera Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014
- 細顎針蟻屬 Leptogenys Roger, 1861
- 狼針蟻屬 Loboponera Bolton & Brown, 2002
- Mayaponera Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014
- 巨針蟻屬 Megaponera Mayr, 1862
- 中針蟻屬 Mesoponera Emery, 1900
- †Messelepone Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012[3]
- Myopias Roger, 1861
- 新針蟻屬 Neoponera Emery, 1901
- 鋸針蟻屬 Odontomachus Latreille, 1804
- 齒針蟻屬 Odontoponera Mayr, 1862
- Ophthalmopone Forel, 1890
- 粗針蟻屬 Pachycondyla Smith, 1858
- Paltothyreus Mayr, 1862
- Parvaponera Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014
- Phrynoponera Wheeler, 1920
- Plectroctena Smith, 1858
- 針蟻屬 Ponera Latreille, 1804
- Promyopias Santschi, 1914
- †原針蟻屬 †Protopone Dlussky, 1988[3]
- Psalidomyrmex André, 1890
- 擬新針蟻屬 Pseudoneoponera Donisthorpe, 1943
- 擬針蟻屬 Pseudoponera Emery, 1900
- Rasopone Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014
- Simopelta Mann, 1922
- Streblognathus Mayr, 1862
- 奇顎針蟻屬 Thaumatomyrmex Mayr, 1887
- 地位未定 incertae sedis
- †Afropone Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn, 2004
- †Eogorgites Hong, 2002
- †Eoponerites Hong, 2002
- †Furcisutura Hong, 2002
- †Longicapitia Hong, 2002
- †Ponerites Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
- †Taphopone Dlussky & Perfilieva, 2014
參考文獻
- Bolton, B. . AntCat. 2015 [9 January 2015].
- Hoffman, Donald R. "Ant venoms" Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2010, vol. 10, pages 342-346. doi:10.1097/ACI.0b013e328339f325
- Dlussky, G.M.; Wedmann, S. . Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2012, 10 (4): 725–753. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.628341. – via Taylor & Francis
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