三位證人

	本文屬於
	後期聖徒運動
	系列的一部分
	後期聖徒運動歷史
	後期聖徒· 摩爾門教; 第一次異象 · 繼承危機; 嘉德蘭安全會(銀行)
	後期聖徒運動共同經典
	《聖經》（英王詹姆士欽定本）; （斯密約瑟譯本／靈感本）; 《摩爾門經》; 《教義和聖約》／《誡命書》
	重要人物
	斯密約瑟 · 考得里奧利佛; 雷格登瑟耐 · 楊百翰; 斯密約瑟三世 · 斯特朗雅各; 三位證人 · 八位證人
	早期官方刊物
	《夜與晨星》　　　（1832-1833年）; 《傳訊者和提倡者》（1834-1837年）; 《長老期刊》　　　（1837-1838年）; 《時代與季節》　　（1839-1846年）
	建築物
	盐湖城圣殿 · 独立城圣殿; 嘉德蘭聖殿 · 納府聖殿; 迦太基监狱 · 家譜圖書館; 耶稣基督后期圣徒教会会议中心; 約瑟·斯密紀念大廈; 基督社区礼堂
	相關教義
	為死者洗禮 · 智慧語 · 恩道門; 聖殿婚姻
	機構
	十二使徒定额组(LDS) · 十二使徒定额组(CoC); 慈助會 · 七十员会长团; Intellectual Reserve公司
	衝突
	摩爾門戰爭 · 納府軍團
	宗派分支
	耶穌基督後期聖徒教會; 基督社區; 基督的教會 (聖殿基地); 耶穌基督的教會 (比克頓派); 耶穌基督後期聖徒教會 (斯特朗派); 基本教義派的耶穌基督後期聖徒教會; 殘餘的耶穌基督後期聖徒教會; 有以利亚讯息的基督的教会; 耶穌基督後期聖徒教會與基督社區差異

三位證人（英語：）為早期後期聖徒運動中具關連性的3名人物之集合名詞，他們宣稱天使曾展示其給予約瑟·斯密的金頁片，也就是後來翻譯而成的《摩爾門經》[1]；他們也宣稱曾聽見神的聲音，展現翻譯這本書的神聖力量。這三個人皆為12名摩爾門經證人成員，其他成員包含約瑟·斯密以及八位證人。

1883年由愛德華·哈特（）所繪的三位證人：奧利佛·考德（上）、大衛·惠特默（左）與馬丁·哈里斯（右）

三位證人──奧利佛·考德、馬丁·哈里斯與大衛·惠特默──的聯合證詞，已於1830年與八位證人的獨立證詞，首次同時出版於《摩爾門經》當中，並隨附於幾乎每一版的《摩爾門經》。所有三名證人最後皆與斯密及其組織的教會決裂，但哈里斯與考德在斯密過世後重新加入[2][3]。惠特默則創立了他自己的基督教會。三名證人直到去世為止，都堅持他們對《摩爾門經》的見證[4][5]。

註解

Bushman & 2005 (78)
Oaks, Dallin H. . [14 February 2014]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-16）.
Faulring, Scott H. . The Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarshup. [14 February 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-10-21）.
Givens, Terryl, , Oxford University Press: 99, 2009 ("the three witnesses all defected from Smith and his church, (only Whitmer permanently), though all maintained until death the truth of the affidavits.")
In 1838, Joseph Smith called Cowdery, Harris, and Whitmer "too mean to mention; and we had liked to have forgotten them." B.H. Roberts, ed. History of the Church (Salt Lake City: Deseret News, 1905), 3: 232. Technically, Whitmer resigned before the High Council decided that he "be no longer considered a member of the Church of Christ of Latter day Saints." Ronald E. Romig, "Faithful Dissenter, Witness Apart," in Roger D. Launius and Linda Thatcher, Dissenting Visions: Dissenters in Mormon History (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, p. 36; Michael Marquardt, "David Whitmer: His Evolving Beliefs and Recollections," in Scattering of the Saints, Schism within Mormonism, eds. Newell G. Bringhurst and John C. Hamer, (Independence, MO: John Whitmer Books, 2007) p. 50.

參考文獻

Anderson, Richard Lloyd. . Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company. 1981. ISBN 978-0-87747-846-1.
Brodie, Fawn McKay. 2nd., rev. and enl. New York: Vintage Books. 1995. ISBN 0-679-73054-0.
Bushman, Richard L. . Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-252-06012-0.
Bushman, Richard L. . New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 2005. ISBN 1-4000-4270-4.
Cook, Lyndon W. (ed). . Orem, Utah: Grandin Book. 1991. ISBN 978-0-910523-38-7.
Jessee, Dean C. (ed). . Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company. 1989. ISBN 0-87579-199-9.
Latzer, Michael J. . American National Biography Online. Oxford University Press. 2000.
Palmer, Grant H. . Salt Lake City: Signature Books. 2002. ISBN 1-56085-157-0.
Roberts, Brigham Henry. . (Vols. 1-3). Salt Lake City: Deseret News. 1911.
Vogel, Dan (ed). . (Vols. 1-5). Salt Lake City: Signature Books. 1996–2003. ISBN 1-56085-072-8.

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[1] Bushman & 2005 (78)

[2] Oaks, Dallin H. . [14 February 2014]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-16）.

[3] Faulring, Scott H. . The Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarshup. [14 February 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-10-21）.

[4] Givens, Terryl, , Oxford University Press: 99, 2009 ("the three witnesses all defected from Smith and his church, (only Whitmer permanently), though all maintained until death the truth of the affidavits.")

[5] In 1838, Joseph Smith called Cowdery, Harris, and Whitmer "too mean to mention; and we had liked to have forgotten them." B.H. Roberts, ed. History of the Church (Salt Lake City: Deseret News, 1905), 3: 232. Technically, Whitmer resigned before the High Council decided that he "be no longer considered a member of the Church of Christ of Latter day Saints." Ronald E. Romig, "Faithful Dissenter, Witness Apart," in Roger D. Launius and Linda Thatcher, Dissenting Visions: Dissenters in Mormon History (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, p. 36; Michael Marquardt, "David Whitmer: His Evolving Beliefs and Recollections," in Scattering of the Saints, Schism within Mormonism, eds. Newell G. Bringhurst and John C. Hamer, (Independence, MO: John Whitmer Books, 2007) p. 50.