塞語

塞語(Saka、Sakan),又稱東部塞語,是一種曾在塔里木盆地于闐王國與圖木舒克使用的塞族方言,屬東伊朗語[4]在其下又分成兩種方言,在于闐使用的,稱為闐語(Khotanese),闐塞語和闐語等,在圖木舒克使用的,稱圖木舒克語(Tumshuqese)。

塞語
Khotanese, Tumshuqese
母语国家和地区于闐王國及其周邊、图木舒克Murtuq以及疏勒王國[1]
区域塔里木盆地(目前屬中國地區)
族群塞迦
年代100 BC – 1000 AD[2]
語系
方言
于闐語
圖木舒克語
文字婆羅米文佉卢文
語言代碼
ISO 639-2kho
ISO 639-3兩者之一:
kho-Khotanese
xtq-Tumshuqese
语言学家列表kho (Khotanese)
 xtq (Tumshuqese)
Glottologsaka1298[3]

其文獻存於敦煌文書中,以婆羅米字母書寫。H.W.貝利(H.W.Bailey)整理了其文獻,並出版了《闐塞語詞典》(Dictionary of Khotan Saka,Cambridge University Press,1979)一書。

歷史

這兩種方言,都源自斯基泰人

註釋

  1. Mallory, J.P. (PDF). Expedition: 44–53. [16 March 2013].
  2. 塞語 at MultiTree on the Linguist List
  3. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). . . Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
  4. 榮新江:《華戎交匯:敦煌民族與中西交通》(蘭州:甘肅教育出版社,2008),頁164。

參考文獻

延伸閱讀

  • Bailey, H W (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge University Press
  • Encyclopædia Iranica "Iranian Languages" http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-xiii 页面存档备份,存于
  • Emmerick, R. E., & Pulleyblank, E. G. (1993). A Chinese text in Central Asian Brahmi script: new evidence for the pronunciation of Late Middle Chinese and Khotanese. Roma: Istituto italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente. (On connections between Chinese and Khotanese, such as loan words and pronunciations)
  • Litvinsky, Boris Abramovich; Vorobyova-Desyatovskaya, M.I. . . Motilal Banarsidass: 421–448. 1999. ISBN 8120815408.

外部連結

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