房宿三

**房宿三（天蝎座δ）**
	; ; 房宿三的位置（圓圈）
觀測資料; 曆元 J2000
星座	天蝎座
星官	房（房宿）
赤經	16h 00m 20.00528s[1]
赤緯	–22° 37′ 18.1431″[1]
視星等（V）	2.307[2] (1.6[3] - 2.32[4])
特性
光谱分类	B0.3 IV[5] + B1-3V[6]
U−B 色指数	–0.920[2]
B−V 色指数	–0.124[2]
变星类型	仙后座γ型變星[4]
天体测定
徑向速度 (Rv)	–7[7] km/s
自行 (μ)	赤经：-10.21[1] mas/yr ; 赤纬：-35.41[1] mas/yr
视差 (π)	6.64 ± 0.89[1] mas
距离	136.0[6] pc
绝对星等 (MV)	–3.8[8]
	軌道[6][9]
绕行周期 (P)	10.8092 ± 0.0005 yr
半长轴 (a)	0.09874 ± 0.00007"; (13.5 ± 0.1 AU)
偏心率 (e)	0.936 ± 0.003
倾斜角 (i)	36 ± 1°
升交点黄经 (Ω)	174.0 ± 2.5°
近心点历元 (T)	2011 July 3rd
近心点幅角 (ω); (secondary)	−2.3 ± 3.8°
半振幅 (K1); (primary)	23.9 ± 0.8 km/s
詳細資料
質量	13 + 8.2[6] M☉
半徑	6.7[10](A) R☉
表面重力 (log g)	3.92[8](A)
亮度	38,000[11](A) L☉
溫度	27,400[11] + 20-24,000[6] K
自轉速度 (v sin i)	180[5](A) km/s
年齡	9-10[6][11] Myr
其他命名
	Dschubba, Dzuba,[12] Al Jabba,[12] Iclarkrau,[12] 7 Scorpii, BD−22°4068, HD 143275, HIP 78401, HR 5953, FK5 594, SAO 184014, CCDM 16003-2237
參考資料庫
SIMBAD	data

房宿三（δ Sco，天蝎座δ）是位於天蝎座的一顆恆星。它的固有名是Dschubba，源自阿拉伯語的jabhat，或Iclarcrau，或Iclarkrav，意思為「蠍子的前額」。

房宿三由於接近黃道，因此經常會被月球或行星（罕見）遮蔽。它曾經被作為B0IV光譜的標準，但現在被認為是顆不太尋常的變星[6]。

根據其自行，房宿三是天蝎-半人馬星協的上天蝎子集團成員；這是最靠近太陽，有著共通移動的大質量星協[8][11]。上天蝎子集團包含數以千計平均年齡1,100萬歲，平均距離470光年（145秒差距）的年輕恆星[11]。

系統

房宿三是聯星，主星是被因快速自轉而剝離的氣體環繞著的B型次巨星，與伴星在週期10.5年的細長橢圓軌道上互繞著；伴星應該是顆主序帶的B型恆星。有報到稱房宿三A本身是非常密接的光譜聯星，但並未能得到證實，系統中有無第三顆恆星仍在爭議中[3]。

變化性

房宿三是一顆仙后座γ型變星。這種類型的變星由於周圍有物質包圍著，顯現著不規則的緩慢光度變化，幅度只有百分之幾星等。

在2000年6月，Sebastian Otero觀測到房宿三比平常亮了0.1星等。從此它的亮度持續的變化著，最高曾到達1.6等，改變了熟悉的天蝎座外觀。在爆發之後的光譜顯示，房宿三甩掉了來自赤道地區的發光氣體。2011年，它的伴星再度接近，也導致光度在2011年7月5日至15日之間達到1.65等的峰值[3][13]。

參考資料

van Leeuwen, F. . Astronomy and Astrophysics. November 2007, 474 (2): 653–664. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. arXiv:0708.1752. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357.
Gutierrez-Moreno, Adelina; Moreno, Hugo. . Astrophysical Journal Supplement. June 1968, 15: 459. Bibcode:1968ApJS...15..459G. doi:10.1086/190168.
Miroshnichenko, A. S.; Pasechnik, A. V.; Manset, N.; Carciofi, A. C.; Rivinius, Th.; Štefl, S.; Gvaramadze, V. V.; Ribeiro, J.; Fernando, A.; Garrel, T.; Knapen, J. H.; Buil, C.; Heathcote, B.; Pollmann, E.; Mauclaire, B.; Thizy, O.; Martin, J.; Zharikov, S. V.; Okazaki, A. T.; Gandet, T. L.; Eversberg, T.; Reinecke, N. . The Astrophysical Journal. 2013, 766 (2): 119. Bibcode:2013ApJ...766..119M. arXiv:1302.4021. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/119.
Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; 等. . VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/gcvs. Originally published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 2009, 1: 02025. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
Balona, L. A.; Dziembowski, W. A. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. October 1999, 309 (1): 221–232. Bibcode:1999MNRAS.309..221B. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02821.x.
Miroshnichenko, A. S.; Pasechnik, A. V.; Manset, N.; Carciofi, A. C.; Rivinius, Th.; Štefl, S.; Gvaramadze, V. V.; Ribeiro, J.; Fernando, A.; Garrel, T.; Knapen, J. H.; Buil, C.; Heathcote, B.; Pollmann, E.; Mauclaire, B.; Thizy, O.; Martin, J.; Zharikov, S. V.; Okazaki, A. T.; Gandet, T. L.; Eversberg, T.; Reinecke, N. . The Astrophysical Journal. 2013, 766 (2): 119. Bibcode:2013ApJ...766..119M. arXiv:1302.4021. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/119.
Evans, D. S. Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick , 编. . Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications 30 (University of Toronto: International Astronomical Union). June 20–24, 1966: 57. Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E.
de Geus, E. J.; de Zeeuw, P. T.; Lub, J. . Astronomy and Astrophysics. June 1989, 216 (1–2): 44–61. Bibcode:1989A&A...216...44D.
Meilland, A.; 等. . Astronomy & Astrophysics. August 2011, 532: A80. Bibcode:2011A&A...532A..80M. arXiv:1106.1746. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116798.
Underhill, A. B.; 等. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. November 1979, 189 (3): 601–605. Bibcode:1979MNRAS.189..601U. doi:10.1093/mnras/189.3.601.
Mark J. Pecaut; Eric E. Mamajek & Eric J. Bubar. . Astrophysical Journal. February 2012, 746 (2): 154. Bibcode:2012ApJ...746..154P. arXiv:1112.1695. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/154.
Moore, Patrick. . . 2010: 95. ISBN 978-1-4419-6408-3. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6409-0_24.
Sigismondi, Costantino, 1112: 2356, 2011, Bibcode:2011arXiv1112.2356S, arXiv:1112.2356

外部連結

*Jim Kaler's Stars, University of Illinois: Dschubba
Delta Scorpii brighter than ever (Sky and Telescope, February 4, 2002)
Delta Scorpii still showing off (Sky and Telescope, June 25, 2003)
Delta Scorpii: the birth of a Be star 页面存档备份，存于 (AAVSO article)

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[aaa474_2_653-1] van Leeuwen, F. . Astronomy and Astrophysics. November 2007, 474 (2): 653–664. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. arXiv:0708.1752. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357.

[apjs15-2] Gutierrez-Moreno, Adelina; Moreno, Hugo. . Astrophysical Journal Supplement. June 1968, 15: 459. Bibcode:1968ApJS...15..459G. doi:10.1086/190168.

[miro2013-3] Miroshnichenko, A. S.; Pasechnik, A. V.; Manset, N.; Carciofi, A. C.; Rivinius, Th.; Štefl, S.; Gvaramadze, V. V.; Ribeiro, J.; Fernando, A.; Garrel, T.; Knapen, J. H.; Buil, C.; Heathcote, B.; Pollmann, E.; Mauclaire, B.; Thizy, O.; Martin, J.; Zharikov, S. V.; Okazaki, A. T.; Gandet, T. L.; Eversberg, T.; Reinecke, N. . The Astrophysical Journal. 2013, 766 (2): 119. Bibcode:2013ApJ...766..119M. arXiv:1302.4021. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/119.

[gcvs-4] Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; 等. . VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/gcvs. Originally published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 2009, 1: 02025. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.

[mnras309_1_221-5] Balona, L. A.; Dziembowski, W. A. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. October 1999, 309 (1): 221–232. Bibcode:1999MNRAS.309..221B. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02821.x.

[miro-6] Miroshnichenko, A. S.; Pasechnik, A. V.; Manset, N.; Carciofi, A. C.; Rivinius, Th.; Štefl, S.; Gvaramadze, V. V.; Ribeiro, J.; Fernando, A.; Garrel, T.; Knapen, J. H.; Buil, C.; Heathcote, B.; Pollmann, E.; Mauclaire, B.; Thizy, O.; Martin, J.; Zharikov, S. V.; Okazaki, A. T.; Gandet, T. L.; Eversberg, T.; Reinecke, N. . The Astrophysical Journal. 2013, 766 (2): 119. Bibcode:2013ApJ...766..119M. arXiv:1302.4021. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/119.

[rgcrv-7] Evans, D. S. Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick , 编. . Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications 30 (University of Toronto: International Astronomical Union). June 20–24, 1966: 57. Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E.

[aaa216_1_44-8] Geus, E. J.; de Zeeuw, P. T.; Lub, J. . Astronomy and Astrophysics. June 1989, 216 (1–2): 44–61. Bibcode:1989A&A...216...44D.

[aaa532_A80-9] Meilland, A.; 等. . Astronomy & Astrophysics. August 2011, 532: A80. Bibcode:2011A&A...532A..80M. arXiv:1106.1746. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116798.

[mnras189_601-10] Underhill, A. B.; 等. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. November 1979, 189 (3): 601–605. Bibcode:1979MNRAS.189..601U. doi:10.1093/mnras/189.3.601.

[Pecaut-11] Mark J. Pecaut; Eric E. Mamajek & Eric J. Bubar. . Astrophysical Journal. February 2012, 746 (2): 154. Bibcode:2012ApJ...746..154P. arXiv:1112.1695. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/746/2/154.

[moore-12] Moore, Patrick. . . 2010: 95. ISBN 978-1-4419-6408-3. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6409-0_24.

[sigismondo-13] Sigismondi, Costantino, 1112: 2356, 2011, Bibcode:2011arXiv1112.2356S, arXiv:1112.2356