投資組合

投資組合Investment portfolio),又名資產投資組合,所重視的是資產,例如股票债券外幣期权貴金屬金融衍生工具房地产土地古董上市公司地位(俗稱「殼」)、藝術品、及至紅酒等。一個投資組合是一個投資者手上持手的資產性投資組合的成分,其中可分類為進取型、保守型等。一個優質的資產投資組合最理想的是具高流動性、平穩及较高收益、低投資風險等。

資產投資組合的成份不會包括消費品,例如跑车电视机化妝品成衣等,因為它們都並無增值潛力,甚至只有折舊

投资组合风险和收益的计算如下: Portfolio Risk For Example Correlation Coefficient = .4

Stocksσ% of PortfolioAvg Return
ABC Corp2860%15%
Big Corp4240%21%

Standard Deviation = weighted avg = 33.6 (Brealey, 2010 p.165) &(Brealey, 2010 p.170): The expected return on your portfolio is simply a weighted average of the expected returns on the individual stocks: Expected portfolio return=股票1的标准偏差σ1乘以x1股票1的投资组合所占百分比例+投资品2的标准偏差σ2乘以x2投资产品2所占的百分比例=σ1*r1+σ2*r2; Standard Deviation Portfolio Variance = 28.1 =x21σ21+x22σ22+2(x1x2ρ12σ1σ2)

Real Standard Deviation:

= (28)(.6) + (42)(.4) + 2(.4)(.6)(28)(42)(.4)
      =  28.1 CORRECT

投资组合收益Return : r = (15%)(.60) + (21%)(.4) = 17.4%

delta是标准偏差Standard deviation,离正态分布远的偏差就大。 delta=variance投资组合方差的开平方,variance方差的算术平方根。方差计算公式如下: Portfolio variance投资组合方差=x21σ21+x22σ22+2(x1x2ρ12σ1σ2)

Expected portfolio return=stock1 return * stock1 percent of portfolio + stock2 return * stock2 percent of portfolio

Reference:《Principles of Corporate Finance》10th Edition, Brealey 2010

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