常見錯誤觀念列表

這是一個動態列表，可能永遠無法保持完整性。歡迎您補充遺失的內容並附上可靠的來源。

以下是常见错误观念的列表。每个条目包括错误观念与改正确的声明。

藝術與文化

文学

音乐

佛教
  • 历史上的佛陀釋迦牟尼並非胖子。常見的胖和尚雕塑形象来自于「笑佛」布袋和尚。在中国佛教文化中，布袋和尚被尊为弥勒菩萨的化身，弥勒菩萨将在释迦牟尼被遗忘之后成为佛陀重振佛教[4]。

犹太教

基督教

伊斯兰教
  • 《可蘭經》並沒有指明殉教者可在死後獲得72名處女。《可蘭經》提及所有人（不論是否殉教者）都可在天堂獲得處子之身的同伴。72此數字是在《提爾密濟聖訓集》所提及的，而聖訓雖然被認為是穆罕默德的教義，但並非《可蘭經》的一部分。[10][11]

语言

歷史

科學

天文学和航空航天

动物
  • 鬥牛中的公牛，並不會因為看見紅色的布而憤怒。它們的攻擊性是來自鬥牛者挑釁性的動作。[51]
  • 狗并不是通过唾液来排汗[52]。实际上狗是有汗腺的，且汗腺并不是只分布于舌头上。狗主要通过脚掌排汗。不过，狗确实是将喘气作为一种调节体温的手段[53]。
  • 蝙蝠並非瞎子。沒有一種蝙蝠物種是缺乏視力的。[54]
  • 鴕鳥在遇到危險的時候，並不會把頭埋進土裡。此傳說是由古羅馬作者老普林尼所編寫的。[55]
  • 金魚的記憶力不只維持3秒。[56]

生物演化论
  • 人类不是从黑猩猩或任何当代物种演化而来的[57]。人类和黑猩猩是从共同祖先演化而来[58][59]；人类和黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩等黑猩猩属动物的最近共同祖先 生活在5百万到8百万年前[60]。
  • 物种演化不是从低级生命体到高级生命体的进步，也并不一定会导致生命体复杂程度的提高。一个种群可能朝着更简单、基因组更小的方向演化；但物种“退化”是一个误称[61][62]。实际上“进化”和“退化”都是不准确的说法，应该采取中性说法“演化”。
  • 并非所有的恐龙都在白垩纪﹣古近纪灭绝事件（俗称“恐龙大灭绝”）中灭绝了。鸟在侏罗纪从小型有羽獸腳亞目动物演化而来。大多数恐龙的确在白垩纪晚期灭绝了，但鸟类幸存了下来[63]。
  • 哺乳动物并非从任何现代爬行动物演化而来。哺乳动物和爬行动物拥有共同的祖先。类爬行动物首次出现之后，很快就分成了两个演化方向，蜥形纲和合弓纲[64]。最终演化成哺乳动物的一支（即合弓纲）与后来演化成现代爬行动物的一支（即蜥形纲）分离时间约为3200万年前石炭纪中期。在石炭纪晚期和二叠纪早期，现代爬行动物（鱗龍超目、龜鱉目、鳄目）才开始分化。哺乳动物则是合弓纲这一支唯一幸存的一类动物[65]。

人类生理学
  • 舌頭的味覺圖是錯誤的。舌頭所有部位都能感應所有味道[66]。
  • 基本味觉不是四种，而是五种，除了酸、甜、苦、咸外，还有鲜[67]。辣不是味觉，而是痛觉。
  • 体能锻炼引起的肌肉酸痛不是乳酸堆积造成的[68]。在运动时和运动后肌肉乳酸浓度与肌肉酸痛没有相关性[69]。通常认为锻炼引起的肌肉酸痛来源于因为不习惯或剧烈运动引起的微创伤[70]。
  • 旁观者通常不容易察觉到溺水[71]。在大多数情况下，本能性溺水反應使溺水者无法挥舞或大喊[71]，因此挥舞和大喊不是判断溺水的可靠迹象[72]。
  • 不存在判断一名女性是否为处女的生理测试，处女膜的状况不能说明一个人的性经历[73][74]。出血与第一次阴道性交并不直接相关，也不提供任何有关性经验的信息[73][74]。贞操测试没有科学依据[75]。
  • 目前为止还没有证据证明G点是存在的，普遍共识是所谓的G点并不存在[76][77][78][79]。
  • 人并不是只使用大脑的百分之十。虽然在一个特定的时间大脑中只有少数神经元主动激发，但不活跃的神经元也很重要[80][81]。这一误解往往归因于威廉·詹姆士，但他的说法只是隐喻[82]。
  • 皮肤泡水起皱不是因为皮肤吸水[83]，而是由自主神经系统在水分的刺激下引发局部性血管收缩，使皮下组织收缩起皱[84][85]。
  • 饮食对身体排毒几乎没有影响，服用某些食物来排毒没有科学依据[86]。一些科学家认为这样的饮食方案是浪费时间和金钱[87]。尽管如此，某些特定的饮食能够排出身体无法排出的毒素这种观点依然十分普遍[88][89][90][91]。毒素的排出是通过肝脏和肾脏进行的[86]。
  • 一天八杯水、一天2到3升水的说法都是不准确的[92]。每天人体需水量取决于许多因素：体重、饮食、活动强度、衣着多少、环境的温度和湿度等。水并不都是以纯水的形式摄入，也可以通过食物和饮料补充[92]。

发明
  • 愛迪生不是燈泡的發明者[93]。
  • 詹姆斯·瓦特不是蒸汽机的发明者[94]，此外他关于蒸汽机的想法也不是受到了蒸汽推动燒水壺盖的启发[95]。瓦特改良了18世纪60和70年代已经在商业上取得成功的纽卡门蒸汽机，对其做出了一些影响其发展的关键性改进，特别是外部冷凝器、更高的效率，以及后来增加的将往复运动转换为旋转运动的装置；他的新蒸汽机因此而声名大噪[96]。

数学

心理学

參考文獻
  1. Se reporter aux explications de l'article consacré à Voltaire
  2. « Arrêtez avec le « je me battrai pour vous » de Voltaire ! » 页面存档备份，存于, de Zineb Dryef, Rue89, publié le 14 avril 2011.
  3. November 7, 2006. . [2016-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-27）. BBC.
  4. . about.com. [January 6, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-12）.
  5. Szpek, Heidi. . : 92. ISBN 978-0-595-25619-8.
  6. Adams, Cecil. . [January 15, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-01）.
  7. . gnmagazine.org. United Church of God. [November 24, 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-09）.
  8. . History.com. [December 23, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-07）.
  9. . Whychristmas.com. [December 23, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-16）.
  10. Warraq, Ibn. . The Guardian (London). January 12, 2002 [2016-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-22）.
  11. Anjali Nirmal. . Pointer Publishers. 2009: 33 [2016-04-28]. ISBN 978-81-7132-598-6. （原始内容存档于2014-01-07）.
  12. Geoffrey K. Pullum's explanation 页面存档备份，存于 in Language Log: The list of snow-referring roots to stick [suffixes] on isn't that long [in the Eskimoan language group]: qani- for a snowflake, apu- for snow considered as stuff lying on the ground and covering things up, a root meaning "slush", a root meaning "blizzard", a root meaning "drift", and a few others – very roughly the same number of roots as in English. Nonetheless, the number of distinct words you can derive from them is not 50, or 150, or 1500, or a million, but simply unbounded. Only stamina sets a limit.
  13. The seven most common English words for snow are snow, hail, sleet, ice, icicle, slush, and snowflake. English also has the related word glacier and the four common skiing terms pack, powder, crud, and crust, so one can say that at least 12 distinct words for snow exist in English.
  14. Hawks, John, , 2009 [2019-06-15], （原始内容存档于2019-06-28）.
  15. Wanjek, Christopher, , Wiley: 70–71, 2002 [2019-06-15], ISBN 047143499X, （原始内容存档于2019-03-31）.
  16. Ridley, R.T. . Classical Philology. 1986, 81 (2): 140–146. JSTOR 269786. doi:10.1086/366973.: "a tradition in Roman history well known to most students"
  17. Stevens, Susan T. . Classical Philology. 1988, 83 (1): 39–41. JSTOR 269635. doi:10.1086/367078.
  18. Visona, Paolo. . Classical Philology. 1988, 83 (1): 41–42. JSTOR 269636. doi:10.1086/367079.: "this story... had already gained widespread currency"
  19. Warmington, B.H. . Classical Philology. 1988, 83 (4): 308–310. JSTOR 269510. doi:10.1086/367123.: "the frequently repeated story"
  20. Brinkmann, Vinzenz. . Panzanelli, Roberta; Schmidt, Eike D.; Lapatin, Kenneth (编). . Los Angeles, California: The J. Paul Getty Museum and the Getty Research Institute. 2008: 18–39. ISBN 978-0-89-236-918-8.
  21. Gurewitsch, Matthew. . Smithsonian.com. Smithsonian Institution. July 2008 [May 15, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-26）.
  22. Prisco, Jacopo. . CNN style (CNN). Cable News Network. November 30, 2017 [May 15, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-22）.
  23. Kahn, Charles. . Portage & Main Press. 2005: 9 [March 18, 2011]. ISBN 978-1-55379-045-7.
  24. Evans, Andrew. "Is Iceland Really Green and Greenland Really Icy?" 页面存档备份，存于, National Geographic (June 30, 2016).
  25. . Gutenberg.org. 8 March 2006 [6 September 2010]. （原始内容存档于11 May 2011）. 已忽略未知参数|url-status= (帮助)
  26. "How Greenland got its name" 的存檔，存档日期19 March 2012.. The Ancient Standard. 17 December 2010.
  27. Grove, Jonathan. . Journal of the North Atlantic. 2009, 2: 30–51. doi:10.3721/037.002.s206. （原始内容存档于11 April 2012）.
  28. Schild, Wolfgang. . Rothenburg ob der Tauber. 2000.
  29. Louise M. Bishop. . Stephen Harris; Bryon L. Grigsby (编). . Routledge. 2010 [26 January 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-07）.
  30. Eviatar Zerubavel. . Transaction Publishers. 2003: 90–91 [2016-04-28]. ISBN 978-0-7658-0987-2. （原始内容存档于2016-06-03）.
  31. Sale, Kirkpatrick (1991). The Conquest of Paradise: Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Legacy. ISBN 978-1-84511-154-0. pp. 204–209
  32. . [2016-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-20）. article FAQs section "Who "invented" pasta?"; "The story that it was Marco Polo who imported noodles to Italy and thereby gave birth to the country's pasta culture is the most pervasive myth in the history of Italian food." (Dickie 2008, p. 48).
  33. S. Serventi, F. Sabban La pasta. Storia e cultura di un cibo universale, VII. Economica Laterza 2004
  34. Xinhua, 12 September 2007, "Pizza and Ice Cream: The Chinese Delicacies Marco Polo Brought Back to the West." 页面存档备份，存于 (Chinese)
  35. "The History Of Pizza." 页面存档备份，存于 The Nibble. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  36. "Marco Polo & the Merchants of Venice." 页面存档备份，存于 The Food Timeline. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  37. Keener, Candace. . History.howstuffworks.com. [June 23, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-04）.
  38. Evans, Rod L. . Penguin Books. 2010 [December 31, 2011]. ISBN 978-0-399-53586-4. （原始内容存档于2015-03-20）.
  39. . CBS News. February 11, 2009 [December 31, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-02）. }}
    • . [2016-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2009-12-22）. Snopes.com . Retrieved January 7, 2008.
    • The White Rock Collectors Association, ". [2016-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2009-12-22）.," whiterocking.org, 2001 Retrieved January 19, 2007.
    • White Rock Beverages, ". [2016-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2009-12-22）.," BevNET.com, December 18, 2006.
    • White Rock Beverages, ". [2016-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2009-12-22）.," BevNET.com, December 18, 2006 . Retrieved January 19, 2007.
    • Santa Claus on the 1902 cover of Puck magazine, Santa Claus on the 1904 cover of Puck magazine, Santa Claus on the 1905 cover of Puck magazine.
  41. Pooley, Jefferson; Socolow, Michael. . Slate. October 28, 2013 [November 24, 2013]. （原始内容存档于2014-05-09）.
  42. Campbell, W. Joseph. . Berkeley: University of California Press. 2010: 26–44 [November 25, 2013]. ISBN 978-0-520-26209-6. （原始内容存档于2016-11-17）.
  43. Ankerstjerne, Christian. . Panzerworld. [April 5, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2012-08-04）.
  44. . Polish American Journal. Polamjournal.com. July 2008 [February 9, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-24）.
  45. Paul E. Richardson, "The hot line (is a Hollywood myth)", in: Russian Life, September/October issue 2009, pp. 50-59.
  46. . NASA. March 24, 2003 [January 13, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-04）.
  47. . Snopes.com. [January 13, 2011].
  48. . [January 7, 2013]. （原始内容存档于2009-07-09）.
  49. . [January 7, 2013]. （原始内容存档于December 15, 2013）.
  50. Phil Plait. . Bad Astronomy. Discover. December 14, 2008 [January 19, 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-02-03）.
    • Smith II, Larry. . International Texas Longhorn Association. 2007 [June 23, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-11）.
    • Dario, A. (PDF). IACUC, University of Tennessee. September 12, 2003 [June 23, 2010]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-06-25）.
    • Grandin, Temple. . Moberg, Gary; Mench, Joy A. (编). . CAB International. 2007: 45 [January 28, 2011]. ISBN 978-1-84593-219-0.
    • . [May 22, 2011]. （原始内容存档于July 25, 2011）. 已忽略未知参数|url-status= (帮助)
    • . [May 22, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011-04-07）.
    • Varasdi, J. Allen. . Ballantine Books. 1989: 267 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-0-345-35985-8. （原始内容存档于2020-07-20）. Dogs do not sweat with their tongues as most people believe. They do have some sweat glands, but the ones of most importance are on the pads, or soles, of their feet.
    • Segaloff, Nat. . Adams Media Corp. 2001: 265 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-1-58062-514-2. （原始内容存档于2020-07-22）. Of course, dogs sweat. You would, too, if you had to wear a fur coat in hot weather. Dogs excrete moisture through the pads on their paws.
    • Olien, Michael D. . New York: Harper & Row. 1978: 568 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-0-06-044918-6. （原始内容存档于2020-08-07）. It is another folk tale that dogs do not sweat except through the tongue. This is an incorrect belief as dogs possess sweat glands all over the body.
    • Aoki, T.; Wada, M. . Science. August 2, 1951, 114 (2953): 123–24. Bibcode:1951Sci...114..123A. PMID 14854926. doi:10.1126/science.114.2953.123.
    • Creighton, C. . Medico-Chirurgical Transactions. 1882, 65: 53–70.3. PMC 2121351. PMID 20896600. doi:10.1177/095952878206500108.
    • . British Medical Journal. 1899, 1 (1998): 921–28. PMC 2462491. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.1998.921. SOME time ago we received from a correspondent an inquiry as to whether the very prevalent belief that a dog perspires through the tongue was a vulgar error or well founded. ...whether the dog exudes fluid from the tongue of the some kind as that exuded from the human skin. To this question the answer is, No. The skin of the dog is abundantly furnished with glands, having the characteristic disposition and structure of those which in man produce sweat, ... in other words, the dog does not sweat by the tongue.
  53. . Petplace.com: 1. [February 9, 2012]. （原始内容存档于December 14, 2013）. 已忽略未知参数|url-status= (帮助)
    • Di Silvestro, Roger. . National Wildlife Federation. February 1, 2003 [October 31, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-27）.
    • (Press release). Geneva, NY: Hobart and William Smith Colleges. June 12, 2003 [April 7, 2009]. （原始内容存档于2008-06-07）.
  55. Smith, Rex. . Albany Times-Union. May 8, 2011 [October 7, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-27）.
  56. Hipsley, Anna. . Australia: ABC. February 19, 2008 [August 29, 2009]. （原始内容存档于2011-06-25）.
  57. Johnson, N. A.; Smith, J. J.; Pobiner, B.; Schrein, C. . The American Biology Teacher. Feb 2012, 74 (2): 74–80. JSTOR 3738744. doi:10.1525/abt.2012.74.2.3.
  58. De Waal, Frans B. M. . October 15, 2002: 124–26 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-0-674-01004-8. （原始内容存档于2020-07-20）.
  59. William H. Calvin, 2002. "A Brain for All Seasons: Human Evolution and Abrupt Climate Change." University of Chicago Press. Chicago.
  60. . PBS.org. [August 29, 2009]. （原始内容存档于December 14, 2013）.
  61. . Scientific American. July 20, 1998. （原始内容存档于June 21, 2012）. see also biological devolution.
  62. Moran, Nancy A. . Cell. 2002, 108 (5): 583–86. PMID 11893328. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00665-7.
  63. Padian K.; Chiappe L. M. . Currie PJ; Padian K (编). . San Diego: Academic Press. 1997: 41–96.
  64. Cowen, R. . Oxford, UK.: Blackwell Science. 2000: 154 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-0-632-04444-3. （原始内容存档于2020-07-20）.
  65. Alfred Romer. & Parsons, T.S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. 5th ed. Saunders, Philadelphia. (6th ed. 1985)
  66. Huang AL, Chen X, Hoon MA, 等. . Nature. August 2006, 442 (7105): 934–8. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..934H. PMC 1571047. PMID 16929298. doi:10.1038/nature05084.
    • Campbell-Platt, Geoffrey. . Wiley. 2009: 31. ISBN 978-0-632-06421-2.
    • (PDF). [January 13, 2011]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于July 20, 2011）. 已忽略未知参数|url-status= (帮助)
    • Krulwich, Robert. . Krulwich Wonders, an NPR Science Blog. NPR. November 5, 2007 [January 13, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-11）.
  68. Kolata, Gina. . The New York Times. May 16, 2006 [September 11, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-10） （英语）.
  69. Schwane, James A.; Watrous, Bruce G.; Johnson, Scarlet R.; Armstrong, Robert B. . The Physician and Sportsmedicine. March 1983, 11 (3): 124–131. ISSN 0091-3847. PMID 27409551. doi:10.1080/00913847.1983.11708485 （英语）.
  70. McHugh, Malachy P. . Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2003, 13 (2): 88–97. ISSN 0905-7188. PMID 12641640. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0838.2003.02477.x.
  71. Vittone, Mario. (PDF). On Scene: The Journal of U.S. Coast Guard Search and Rescue: 14. [2020-07-11]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-01-03）.
  72. Fletemeyer, John R.; Pia (Chapter author). . 1998. 1999: 234. ISBN 978-1-57444-223-6.
  73. Perlman, Sally E.; Nakajyma, Steven T.; Hertweck, S. Paige. . Parthenon. 2004: 131. ISBN 978-1-84214-199-1.
  74. Green, Hank, , SciShow, December 14, 2019
  75. . World Health Organization. 17 October 2018 [22 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-18）.
  76. Balon, Richard; Segraves, Robert Taylor. . American Psychiatric Publishing. 2009: 258 [January 24, 2014]. ISBN 978-1585629053. （原始内容存档于2014-06-27）.
  77. Greenberg, Jerrold S.; Bruess, Clint E.; Oswalt, Sara B. . Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2014: 102–104 [October 30, 2014]. ISBN 978-1449648510. （原始内容存档于2015-09-10）.
  78. Hines T. . Am J Obstet Gynecol. August 2001, 185 (2): 359–62. PMID 11518892. doi:10.1067/mob.2001.115995. 已忽略未知参数|s2cid= (帮助)
  79. Kilchevsky, A; Vardi, Y; Lowenstein, L; Gruenwald, I. . The Journal of Sexual Medicine. January 2012, 9 (3): 719–26. PMID 22240236. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02623.x. （原始内容存档于2019-03-10） 使用|archiveurl=需要含有|url= (帮助). Lay summary – Huffington Post (January 19, 2012).
  80. . Snopes.com. [August 29, 2009].
  81. Radford, Benjamin. . Skeptical Inquirer. March–April 1999 [April 15, 2009]. ISSN 0194-6730. （原始内容存档于October 30, 2013）. It's the old myth heard time and again about how people use only ten percent of their brains
  82. Beyerstein, Barry L. . Sergio Della Sala (编). . Wiley. 1999: 3–24. ISBN 978-0-471-98303-3.
  83. Botcharova, Maria. . The Guardian. January 10, 2013 [January 28, 2013]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-11）.
  84. Changizi, Mark; Weber, Romann; Kotecha, Ritesh; Palazzo, Joseph. . Brain Behav. Evol. 2011, 77 (4): 286–90. PMID 21701145. doi:10.1159/000328223.
  85. Kareklas, Kyriacos; Nettle, Daniel; Smulders, Tom V. . Biol. Lett. April 23, 2013, 9 (2): 20120999. PMC 3639753. PMID 23302867. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0999.
  86. Compare: Zeratsky, Katherine. . Mayo Clinic. April 21, 2012 [May 9, 2015]. （原始内容存档于2006-07-20）. [...T]here's little evidence that detox diets actually remove toxins from the body. Indeed, the kidneys and liver are generally quite effective at filtering and eliminating most ingested toxins.
  87. . BBC News. January 3, 2006 [May 5, 2013]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-09）.
  88. Barrett, Stephen. . Quackwatch. June 8, 2011 [June 18, 2014]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-03）.
  89. . WebMD. [June 23, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2014-12-13）.
  90. Wanjek, Christopher. . LiveScience. August 8, 2006 [November 10, 2008]. （原始内容存档于2010-01-06）.
  91. Kovacs, Jenny Stamos. . WebMD. February 8, 2007 [June 23, 2010]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-06）.
    • Valtin, Heinz. . American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2002, 283 (5): R993–R1004. PMID 12376390. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00365.2002.
    • , Die Zeit, [April 7, 2012], （原始内容存档于2020-09-20） （德语）
    • , [April 7, 2012], （原始内容存档于2012-09-03） （德语）
  93. Robert, Friedel; Paul Israel. . New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. 1987: 115–117. ISBN 978-0-8135-1118-4.
    • Rolt, L. T. C. . Batsford. 1962: 10 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-1-163-47052-7. （原始内容存档于2019-03-31）.
    • Carroll, John Millar. . Cambridge University Press. 1991: 76 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-0-521-40056-5. （原始内容存档于2020-07-20）.
    • Green, Joey. . Broadway Books. 2005: 20 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-0-7679-1992-0. （原始内容存档于2020-07-22）.
    • . Physics World. 1990 [2020-07-11]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-27）.
  95. Miller, David Philip. . History of Science. 2004, 42 (3): 333–60. Bibcode:2004HisSc..42..333M. doi:10.1177/007327530404200304.
  96. (PDF). Australian Government Department of Defence Defence Science and Technology Organisation. [May 1, 2011]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于August 15, 2011）.
  97. Jesse Galef. . August 29, 2011 [April 10, 2013]. （原始内容存档于April 27, 2014）.
  98. "Two other beliefs about [the golden ratio] are often mentioned in magazines and books: that the ancient Greeks believed it was the proportion of the rectangle the eye finds most pleasing and that they accordingly incorporated the rectangle in many of their buildings, including the famous Parthenon. These two equally persistent beliefs are likewise assuredly false and, in any case, are completely without any evidence." Devlin, Keith. . Basic Books. 2008: 35.
  99. Donald E. Simanek. . [April 9, 2013]. （原始内容存档于February 1, 2010）.
  100. "Part of the process of becoming a mathematics writer is, it appears, learning that you cannot refer to the golden ratio without following the first mention by a phrase that goes something like 'which the ancient Greeks and others believed to have divine and mystical properties.' Almost as compulsive is the urge to add a second factoid along the lines of 'Leonardo Da Vinci believed that the human form displays the golden ratio.' There is not a shred of evidence to back up either claim, and every reason to assume they are both false. Yet both claims, along with various others in a similar vein, live on." Keith Devlin. . May 2007 [April 10, 2013]. （原始内容存档于July 1, 2013）.
  101. Burkert 1972, pp. 429, 462.
  102. Riedweg 2005, p. 27.
  103. Kahn 2001, p. 32.
  104. Ferguson 2008, pp. 6–7.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.