月桂酸

月桂酸(英文:Lauric acid),系統學名称为十二烷酸(英文:dodecanoic acid),是具有12個碳原子鏈的饱和脂肪酸。它的分子式是C12H24O2。具有中鏈脂肪酸的許多性質,呈白色粉末狀固體,有微弱的月桂油或肥皂的氣味。月桂酸的化学盐被稱為月桂酸酯(英文:laurate)。

月桂酸
IUPAC名
Dodecanoic acid
别名 十二(烷)酸、n-Dodecanoic acid, Dodecylic acid, Dodecoic acid,

Laurostearic acid, Vulvic acid, 1-Undecanecarboxylic acid, Duodecylic acid, C12:0 (Lipid numbers)

识别
CAS号 143-07-7  
PubChem 3893
ChemSpider 3756
SMILES
InChI
InChIKey POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYAP
EINECS 205-582-1
ChEBI 30805
KEGG D10714
IUPHAR配体 5534
性质
化学式 C12H24O2
摩尔质量 200.32 g·mol−1
外观 White powder
氣味 Slight odor of bay oil
密度 1.007 g/cm3 (24 °C)[1]
0.8744 g/cm3 (41.5 °C)[2]
0.8679 g/cm3 (50 °C)[3]
熔点 43.8 °C(317 K)
沸点 297.9 °C(571 K)
溶解性 37 mg/L (0 °C)
55 mg/L (20 °C)
63 mg/L (30 °C)
72 mg/L (45 °C)
83 mg/L (100 °C)[4]
溶解性 可溶於乙醇乙醚苯基卤代烷烃乙酸盐[4]
溶解性methanol 12.7 g/100 g (0 °C)
120 g/100 g (20 °C)
2250 g/100 g (40 °C)[4]
溶解性acetone 8.95 g/100 g (0 °C)
60.5 g/100 g (20 °C)
1590 g/100 g (40 °C)[4]
溶解性ethyl acetate 9.4 g/100 g (0 °C)
52 g/100 g (20 °C)
1250 g/100 g (40 °C)[4]
溶解性toluene 15.3 g/100 g (0 °C)
97 g/100 g (20 °C)
1410 g/100 g (40 °C)[4]
log P 4.6[5]
蒸氣壓 2.13·10−6 kPa (25 °C)[5]
0.42 kPa (150 °C)[6]
6.67 kPa (210 °C)[7]
pKa 5.3 (20 °C)[5]
熱導率 0.442 W/m·K (solid)[2]
0.1921 W/m·K (72.5 °C)
0.1748 W/m·K (106 °C)[1]
折光度n
D
1.423 (70 °C)[1]
1.4183 (82 °C)[3]
黏度 6.88 cP (50 °C)
5.37 cP (60 °C)[2]
结构
晶体结构 单斜晶系 (α-form)[8]
三斜晶系aP228 (γ-form)[9]
空间群 P21/a, No. 14 (α-form)[8]
P1, No. 2 (γ-form)[9]
晶格常数 a = 9.524 Å, b = 4.965 Å, c = 35.39 Å (α-form)[8]
晶格常数 α = 90°, β = 129.22°, γ = 90°
热力学
ΔfHmo298K −775.6 kJ/mol[5]
ΔcHmo 7377 kJ/mol
7425.8 kJ/mol (292 K)[6]
热容 404.28 J/mol·K[6]
危险性
GHS危险性符号
GHS提示词 Danger
H-术语 H412[7]
P-术语 P273[7]
NFPA 704
1
1
1
 
闪点 >
若非注明,所有数据均出自一般条件(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

常見度

Laurel oil contains lauric acid.

作為三酸甘油酯的成份,月桂酸在椰浆椰子油(佔45-52%)、月桂油油棕籽油(佔44-52%,留意並不是油棕果油)這些物品的脂肪含量佔約一半[10][11],但在其他物品卻絕少出現。在人類的母乳(佔總脂肪分量的6.2%)、牛奶(佔總脂肪分量的2.9%)及羊奶(佔總脂肪分量的3.1%)中亦可找到月桂酸[10]

植物中含量

參考文獻

  1. Mezaki, Reiji; Mochizuki, Masafumi; Ogawa, Kohei. 1st. Elsevier Science B.V. 2000: 278. ISBN 0-444-82802-8.
  2. Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. 3rd. New York: D. Van Nostrand Company. 1952: 742–743.
  3. CID 3893 PubChem的链接
  4. Dodecanoic acid in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD), http://webbook.nist.gov
  5. 来源:Sigma-Aldrich Co., Lauric acid .
  6. Vand, V.; Morley, W. M.; Lomer, T. R. . Acta Crystallographica. 1951, 4 (4): 324–329. doi:10.1107/S0365110X51001069.
  7. Sydow, Erik von. (PDF). actachemscand.org. Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 1956 [2014-06-14].
  8. Beare-Rogers, J.; Dieffenbacher, A.; Holm, J.V. . Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2001, 73 (4): 685–744. doi:10.1351/pac200173040685 (英语).
  9. Anneken, David J.; Both, Sabine; Christoph, Ralf; Fieg, Georg; Steinberner, Udo; Westfechtel, Alfred. . Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 2006. doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_245.pub2.
  10. Nasaruddin, Mohd hanif; Noor, Noor Qhairul Izzreen Mohd; Mamat, Hasmadi. [Proximate and Fatty Acid Composition of Sabah Yellow Durian (Durio graveolens)] (PDF). Sains Malaysiana. 2013, 42 (9): 1283–1288 [28 November 2017]. ISSN 0126-6039. OCLC 857479186 (马来语).

延伸閱讀

  • Berner, Louise A. (1993). Defining the Role of Milkfat in Balanced Diets. In John E. Kinsella (Ed.) Advances in Food and Nutrition Research – Volume 37. Academic Press. pp. 159–166. ISBN 978-0-12-016437-0.
  • Kabara, Jon J. (1978). The Pharmacological Effect of Lipids. Champaign IL: American Oil Chemist's Society. ISBN 9991817697.
  • Kabara, Jon J. (2008). Fats Are Good for You and Other Secrets – How Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Actually Benefit the Body. North Atlantic Books. ISBN 1-55643-690-4.

外部連結

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:月桂酸
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.