泰國君主

泰國王室
	;
	国王陛下; 王后陛下; 诗妮娜王妃帕差拉吉帝雅帕长公主殿下; 希里万纳瓦瑞公主殿下; 提帮功王子殿下; 國王母后陛下长公主殿下; 朱拉蓬公主殿下西里帕朱拉蓬公主殿下; 阿提亚通吉迪坤公主殿下; ; 乌汶叻公主（1972年放棄王室頭銜與殿下尊稱）沛派琳·詹森公主; 詩麗吉·詹森公主; ; 颂莎瓦丽王妃國王長女懿母妃殿下; 迪哈娜哇拉雅·宋香宋佳林王室贵妇;

瑪哈·哇集拉隆功（拉瑪十世）
泰國國王
	พระมหากษัตริย์ไทย
	泰國國徽
現任
	瑪哈·哇集拉隆功（拉瑪十世）; 2016年10月13日就任
详情
尊稱	陛下
推定繼承人	提幫功王子
开国君主	室利膺陀羅鐵
建立	1238年
居所	曼谷大皇宮（官方）; 曼谷律實宮（起居）

泰國君主（中文世界稱為泰國國王，簡稱泰王，歷史上曾稱暹羅國王；泰語：）為泰國（以前為暹羅）的君主立憲制君主。泰王為泰國國家元首，同時也是現今王室扎克里王室的領導者。

雖然扎克里王朝於1782年才建立，但傳統上認為，泰國君主制度起源於1239年的素可泰王國，隨後在厄伽陀過世後進入空缺期，直到18世紀擁有華裔血統的鄭昭登基才恢復王室。1932年發生不流血的暹羅立憲革命後，泰國君主轉型成為君主立憲君主。泰國君主官方住所是位於曼谷的大皇宮；然而，前任國王蒲美蓬·阿杜德則是長期居住在吉拉達宮或位於海灘度假城市華欣的忘憂宮，現任國王哇集拉隆功則居住在律實宮。

泰國君主的頭銜包含了國家元首、泰國皇家軍队統帥、佛教擁護者與宗教維護者[1]。

而其中最偉大的國王稱為五大帝，備受人民崇敬，分別是蘭甘亨大帝、烏通大帝、納黎萱大帝、達信大帝（鄭昭）、朱拉隆功大帝（拉瑪五世）。

在2016年10月13日收訂為八大帝，分別是蘭甘亨大帝、烏通大帝、納黎萱大帝、達信大帝、帕佛陀約華朱拉洛大帝（拉瑪一世）、蒙固大帝（拉瑪四世）、朱拉隆功大帝（拉瑪五世）和普密蓬大帝（拉瑪九世）。

現任泰王為瑪哈·哇集拉隆功（拉瑪十世），於2016年10月13日繼位。

在泰國，冒犯國王屬於不敬罪，將會受到嚴厲懲處。而泰國臣民觐见国王時必須俯卧在地，侧着身体匍匐前进[2]。

歷史

起源

泰國王權的概念，已經演變了800多年，並形成絕對的統治權力。第一位治理統一泰國的君主，是1238年素可泰王國的開國國王室利·膺沙羅鐵[3]。早期泰國王權的思想是基於印度教與上座部佛教信仰所衍生出來的概念。印度教的概念是基於剎帝利（泰語：）的吠陀─印度教種姓制度，或稱為武士統治者，王權是由軍事力量衍生而來。上座部佛教的概念則來自於「法王」（泰語：），而佛教是在約6世紀時引入泰國。法王的概念代表君主必須以「法」與佛陀的教導統治人民。

當1279年蘭甘亨大帝登基為王時，原始的概念被短暫替換。他背離了傳統並創造出「父權統治」（泰語：）的概念取而代之，意思是君主統治人民，就好比父親教導小孩一樣[4][5]。而蘭甘亨將他的名字冠以「」的頭銜（泰語：），用以加強他所創造的概念[6]，然而其維持時間非常短暫。在素可泰王國的末期，原始的兩個宗教概念回歸，並將君主頭銜從「」改為「」。

參考文獻

The Secretariate of the House of Representatives. (PDF). The Secretariat of the House of Representatives. Nov 2007 [7 November 2012]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012年8月31日）.
.
Cœdès, G. (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society (Siam Heritage Trust). 1921,. JSS Vol. 14.1b (digital): image 1 [17 March 2013]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-10-20）. The dynasty which reigned during a part of the XIIIth. and the first half of the XlVth. centuries at Sukhodaya and at Sajjanlaya, on the upper Menam Yom, is the first historical Siamese dynasty. It has a double claim to this title, both because its cradle was precisely in the country designated by foreigners as "Siam" (Khmer: Syain; Chinese : Sien, etc.), and because it is this dynasty which, by freeing the Thai principalities from the Cambodian yoke and by gradually extending its conquests as far as the Malay Peninsula, paved the way for the formation of the Kingdom of Siam properly so called.
. Thai Modern Monarchy. 1998. （原始内容存档于2009-11-02）.
Prince Dhani Nivat, Kromamun Bidyadabh. (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society (Siamese Heritage Trust). 1947,. JSS Vol. 36.2b (digital): image 10 page 93 [7 March 2013]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-03）. Patriarchal Sukhothai Kingship ...The monarch was of course the people's leader in battle; but he was also in peace-time their father whose advice was sought and expected in all matters and whose judgment was accepted by all. He was moreover accessible to his people, for we are told by an old inscription that, in front of the royal palace of Sukhothai there used to be a gong hung up for people to go and beat upon whenever they wanted personal help and redress. The custom survived with slight modifications all through the centuries down to the change of regime in 1932....
Terwiel, Barend Jan. (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society (Siamese Heritage Trust). 1983,. JSS Vol. 71.0 (PDF): image 4 [7 March 2013]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-11-03）. In older usage, khun was used for a ruler of a fortified town and its surrounding villages, together called a mueang; with the prefix pho () appears as Pho Khun.

參見

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[1] The Secretariate of the House of Representatives. (PDF). The Secretariat of the House of Representatives. Nov 2007 [7 November 2012]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012年8月31日）.

[2] .

[JSS_014_1b_Coedes-3] Cœdès, G. (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society (Siam Heritage Trust). 1921,. JSS Vol. 14.1b (digital): image 1 [17 March 2013]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-10-20）. The dynasty which reigned during a part of the XIIIth. and the first half of the XlVth. centuries at Sukhodaya and at Sajjanlaya, on the upper Menam Yom, is the first historical Siamese dynasty. It has a double claim to this title, both because its cradle was precisely in the country designated by foreigners as "Siam" (Khmer: Syain; Chinese : Sien, etc.), and because it is this dynasty which, by freeing the Thai principalities from the Cambodian yoke and by gradually extending its conquests as far as the Malay Peninsula, paved the way for the formation of the Kingdom of Siam properly so called.

[4] . Thai Modern Monarchy. 1998. （原始内容存档于2009-11-02）.

[JSS_036_2b_PrinceDhani_Old-5] Prince Dhani Nivat, Kromamun Bidyadabh. (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society (Siamese Heritage Trust). 1947,. JSS Vol. 36.2b (digital): image 10 page 93 [7 March 2013]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-03）. Patriarchal Sukhothai Kingship ...The monarch was of course the people's leader in battle; but he was also in peace-time their father whose advice was sought and expected in all matters and whose judgment was accepted by all. He was moreover accessible to his people, for we are told by an old inscription that, in front of the royal palace of Sukhothai there used to be a gong hung up for people to go and beat upon whenever they wanted personal help and redress. The custom survived with slight modifications all through the centuries down to the change of regime in 1932....

[JSS_071_0g-6] Terwiel, Barend Jan. (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society (Siamese Heritage Trust). 1983,. JSS Vol. 71.0 (PDF): image 4 [7 March 2013]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-11-03）. In older usage, khun was used for a ruler of a fortified town and its surrounding villages, together called a mueang; with the prefix pho () appears as Pho Khun.